{"title":"建立健康人泪腺绝对和玻璃体归一化表观扩散系数参考值。","authors":"Tahsin Aybal, Fatih Mehmet Tezcan","doi":"10.1007/s10384-026-01352-1","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To establish normative apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of the lacrimal gland in a large cohort of healthy subjects and to compare the results with previously reported data.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Retrospective cohort study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Brain magnetic resonance (MR) images of 260 healthy individuals were retrospectively analyzed. ADC measurements were performed bilaterally using a standardized region of interest (ROI) technique. The values were compared according to age and sex. To ensure normalization and standardization, vitreous ADC measurements were performed using the same ROI used for lacrimal gland measurements. Lacrimal gland ADC values were divided by vitreous ADC values.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The lacrimal gland ADCmean value was 1.29 ± 0.14 ×10⁻<sup>3</sup> mm<sup>2</sup>/s. No significant difference was observed in terms of ADC measurements between the right and left glands (p > 0.05). Sex had no statistically significant effect on ADC values (p > 0.05). The mean vitreous ADC value was 3.08 ± 0.20 ×10⁻<sup>3</sup> mm<sup>2</sup>/s. The lacrimal gland/vitreous ADCmean ratio was 0.42 ± 0.05. Correlation analysis revealed weak positive correlations between age and lacrimal gland ADCmean (r = 0.185, p = 0.003) and ADCmax (r = 0.260, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study presents a large series on normative ADC values of the lacrimal gland in healthy individuals. The results provide reliable reference data that may assist in the differential diagnosis of inflammatory and neoplastic pathologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14563,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"830-834"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7000,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Establishing absolute and vitreous-normalized reference apparent diffusion coefficient values of the lacrimal gland in healthy individuals.\",\"authors\":\"Tahsin Aybal, Fatih Mehmet Tezcan\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10384-026-01352-1\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To establish normative apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of the lacrimal gland in a large cohort of healthy subjects and to compare the results with previously reported data.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Retrospective cohort study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Brain magnetic resonance (MR) images of 260 healthy individuals were retrospectively analyzed. ADC measurements were performed bilaterally using a standardized region of interest (ROI) technique. The values were compared according to age and sex. To ensure normalization and standardization, vitreous ADC measurements were performed using the same ROI used for lacrimal gland measurements. Lacrimal gland ADC values were divided by vitreous ADC values.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The lacrimal gland ADCmean value was 1.29 ± 0.14 ×10⁻<sup>3</sup> mm<sup>2</sup>/s. No significant difference was observed in terms of ADC measurements between the right and left glands (p > 0.05). Sex had no statistically significant effect on ADC values (p > 0.05). The mean vitreous ADC value was 3.08 ± 0.20 ×10⁻<sup>3</sup> mm<sup>2</sup>/s. The lacrimal gland/vitreous ADCmean ratio was 0.42 ± 0.05. Correlation analysis revealed weak positive correlations between age and lacrimal gland ADCmean (r = 0.185, p = 0.003) and ADCmax (r = 0.260, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study presents a large series on normative ADC values of the lacrimal gland in healthy individuals. The results provide reliable reference data that may assist in the differential diagnosis of inflammatory and neoplastic pathologies.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":14563,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"830-834\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2026-07-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10384-026-01352-1\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2026/3/31 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"OPHTHALMOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10384-026-01352-1","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2026/3/31 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"OPHTHALMOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Establishing absolute and vitreous-normalized reference apparent diffusion coefficient values of the lacrimal gland in healthy individuals.
Purpose: To establish normative apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of the lacrimal gland in a large cohort of healthy subjects and to compare the results with previously reported data.
Study design: Retrospective cohort study.
Methods: Brain magnetic resonance (MR) images of 260 healthy individuals were retrospectively analyzed. ADC measurements were performed bilaterally using a standardized region of interest (ROI) technique. The values were compared according to age and sex. To ensure normalization and standardization, vitreous ADC measurements were performed using the same ROI used for lacrimal gland measurements. Lacrimal gland ADC values were divided by vitreous ADC values.
Results: The lacrimal gland ADCmean value was 1.29 ± 0.14 ×10⁻3 mm2/s. No significant difference was observed in terms of ADC measurements between the right and left glands (p > 0.05). Sex had no statistically significant effect on ADC values (p > 0.05). The mean vitreous ADC value was 3.08 ± 0.20 ×10⁻3 mm2/s. The lacrimal gland/vitreous ADCmean ratio was 0.42 ± 0.05. Correlation analysis revealed weak positive correlations between age and lacrimal gland ADCmean (r = 0.185, p = 0.003) and ADCmax (r = 0.260, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: This study presents a large series on normative ADC values of the lacrimal gland in healthy individuals. The results provide reliable reference data that may assist in the differential diagnosis of inflammatory and neoplastic pathologies.
期刊介绍：
The Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology (JJO) was inaugurated in 1957 as a quarterly journal published in English by the Ophthalmology Department of the University of Tokyo, with the aim of disseminating the achievements of Japanese ophthalmologists worldwide. JJO remains the only Japanese ophthalmology journal published in English. In 1997, the Japanese Ophthalmological Society assumed the responsibility for publishing the Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology as its official English-language publication.
Currently the journal is published bimonthly and accepts papers from authors worldwide. JJO has become an international interdisciplinary forum for the publication of basic science and clinical research papers.
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