DNA methylation of CA10 regulates the proliferation and metastasis of bladder cancer.

This study investigated the role of CA10 gene DNA methylation in bladder cancer progression, revealing that hypermethylation significantly reduces CA10 expression in tumor tissues compared to adjacent tissues. Utilizing TCGA data analysis with the ChAMP package for DMPs/DMRs, alongside qRT-PCR/semiquantitative RT-PCR for methylation and expression validation, researchers found that treatment with the demethylating agent 5-Aza-dC restored CA10 expression. Functional assays (flow cytometry, MTT, transwell) demonstrated that this restoration inhibited cancer cell proliferation, migration, and cell cycle progression. Furthermore, in vivo tumor xenograft models confirmed CA10's tumor-suppressive role and the efficacy of epigenetic therapy in inhibiting tumor growth. The study identifies DNA methylation-driven silencing of CA10 as a key mechanism in bladder carcinogenesis and highlights its broader diagnostic potential across cancers.