Recent advances of multicomponent VOCs catalytic oxidation: Insights into mechanism, mixing effect, and catalyst design

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) significantly impact atmospheric conditions, leading to haze and photochemical smog that impede environmental sustainability and pose health risks. Industrial emissions often consist of VOCs mixtures with varied physical and chemical traits, rather than being composed of a single substance. Catalytic oxidation emerges as a viable strategy for VOCs removal in industrial effluents, known for its low energy demands and high effectiveness. However, there is a lack of comprehensive reviews emphasizing the catalytic oxidation of multicomponent VOCs. This review focuses on catalytic behaviors and processes of multicomponent VOCs based on their types and compositions, offering insights for designing efficient catalysts across different industries and various operating conditions. The reaction principles of multicomponent VOCs catalytic oxidation were discussed. The catalytic reaction behavior and processes of mixtures of the same and different types of VOCs were summarized. The selection and design approach of a multicomponent VOCs catalyst was proposed, including machine-learning-assisted catalyst development, and the research direction of multicomponent VOCs catalytic oxidation was looked forward. This review aims to acquaint readers with advancements in researching catalytic oxidation of VOCs mixtures and serves as a reference for industrial catalyst preparation for VOCs degradation. We aspire that this review will be instrumental in guiding future designs of catalyst materials for VOCs oxidation applicable under diverse reaction scenarios.