Lei Wang, Yunyue Yang, Michael Yu Wang, Tian‐Yun Huang
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引用次数: 0
摘要
由于材料限制和不兼容的纳米制造方法,智能微机械的发展受到功能限制,这对在有限空间内完成复杂任务至关重要。从折纸结构的高效运动和变形中获得灵感,开发了一种具有强扭转性能的微型砌块。该块作为刚性框架和软人造肌肉之间的连接器,通过多步骤双光子聚合制成。当组装成细长、高宽高比的形式时,这些可编程模块可以响应外部刺激实现可逆的形状变化和复杂的3D(三维)变形。该设计将刚性和软质材料结合在一起,使刚性表面涂上磁性材料,可以在外部磁场下控制操作。当暴露在5 Hz、20 mT的旋转磁场中时,由微构件组装而成的微机械的最大速度可达380 μ m s−1。此外,还开发了一种混合制造方法,将2D光刻与3D直接激光写入相结合,将微电子层嵌入到形状变形系统中。在3D微通道中成功的货物交付显示了这种方法通过提高适应性和实现柔性微电子闭环控制来增强微机器智能的潜力。
Origami Twist‐Inspired Microbuilding Blocks for Multifunctional Shape‐Morphing Micromachines
The development of intelligent micromachines, crucial for complex tasks in confined spaces, is hindered by limited functionalities due to material constraints and incompatible nanofabrication methods. Drawing inspiration from the efficient motion and deformation of origami structures, a microbuilding block with strong torsional properties is developed. This block serves as a connector between a rigid frame and a soft artificial muscle, fabricated through multistep two‐photon polymerization. When assembled into slender, high‐aspect‐ratio forms, these programmable blocks enable reversible shape changes and sophisticated 3D (three‐dimensional) morphing in response to external stimuli. The design, which integrates rigid and soft materials, enables the rigid surface to be coated with magnetic material, allowing controlled operation under external magnetic fields. When exposed to a rotating magnetic field of 20 mT at 5 Hz, the micromachine assembled from microbuilding blocks reaches a maximum speed of 380 µm s−1. In addition, a hybrid fabrication approach is developed that combines 2D (two‐dimensional) lithography with 3D direct laser writing, embedding a microelectronic layer into the shape‐morphing system. The successful cargo delivery in a 3D microchannel shows this method's potential to enhance micromachine intelligence by improving adaptability and enabling closed‐loop control with flexible microelectronics.
期刊介绍:
Firmly established as a top-tier materials science journal, Advanced Functional Materials reports breakthrough research in all aspects of materials science, including nanotechnology, chemistry, physics, and biology every week.
Advanced Functional Materials is known for its rapid and fair peer review, quality content, and high impact, making it the first choice of the international materials science community.