{"title":"用于羟基磷灰石合成的贝壳衍生钙：通过先进的方法和改性提高机械和生物性能的综述","authors":"Nur Safitri, Nurlaela Rauf, Dahlang Tahir","doi":"10.1007/s00289-025-05973-3","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Seashells are one of the natural materials widely used as a source of calcium (Ca). In addition to its many potentials, using shells can reduce solid waste in the environment. Thermal treatment of calcium carbonate (CaCO<sub>3</sub>) powder from seashells will decompose into calcium oxide. Calcium oxide (CaO) is used as a Ca reagent material in the synthesis of hydroxyapatite. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) can be synthesized by reacting Ca and P reagents. The characteristics of HAp depend on the nature of the source material and the method performed. Some important factors that must be considered in improving the performance of HAp are stoichiometry, crystallinity, morphology, particle size, and distribution. In addition, modification of HAp is also essential in expanding the range of potential applications of HAp. This review describes various methods of synthesizing CaCO<sub>3</sub> and HAp from seashells to improve the mechanical and biological performance of HAp in its applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":737,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Bulletin","volume":"82 16","pages":"10639 - 10670"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Seashell-derived calcium for hydroxyapatite synthesis: a review enhancing mechanical and biological performance through advanced methods and modifications\",\"authors\":\"Nur Safitri, Nurlaela Rauf, Dahlang Tahir\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s00289-025-05973-3\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Seashells are one of the natural materials widely used as a source of calcium (Ca). In addition to its many potentials, using shells can reduce solid waste in the environment. Thermal treatment of calcium carbonate (CaCO<sub>3</sub>) powder from seashells will decompose into calcium oxide. Calcium oxide (CaO) is used as a Ca reagent material in the synthesis of hydroxyapatite. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) can be synthesized by reacting Ca and P reagents. The characteristics of HAp depend on the nature of the source material and the method performed. Some important factors that must be considered in improving the performance of HAp are stoichiometry, crystallinity, morphology, particle size, and distribution. In addition, modification of HAp is also essential in expanding the range of potential applications of HAp. This review describes various methods of synthesizing CaCO<sub>3</sub> and HAp from seashells to improve the mechanical and biological performance of HAp in its applications.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":737,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Polymer Bulletin\",\"volume\":\"82 16\",\"pages\":\"10639 - 10670\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-08-26\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Polymer Bulletin\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"92\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00289-025-05973-3\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"化学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"POLYMER SCIENCE\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Polymer Bulletin","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00289-025-05973-3","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"POLYMER SCIENCE","Score":null,"Total":0}
Seashell-derived calcium for hydroxyapatite synthesis: a review enhancing mechanical and biological performance through advanced methods and modifications
Seashells are one of the natural materials widely used as a source of calcium (Ca). In addition to its many potentials, using shells can reduce solid waste in the environment. Thermal treatment of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) powder from seashells will decompose into calcium oxide. Calcium oxide (CaO) is used as a Ca reagent material in the synthesis of hydroxyapatite. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) can be synthesized by reacting Ca and P reagents. The characteristics of HAp depend on the nature of the source material and the method performed. Some important factors that must be considered in improving the performance of HAp are stoichiometry, crystallinity, morphology, particle size, and distribution. In addition, modification of HAp is also essential in expanding the range of potential applications of HAp. This review describes various methods of synthesizing CaCO3 and HAp from seashells to improve the mechanical and biological performance of HAp in its applications.
期刊介绍：
"Polymer Bulletin" is a comprehensive academic journal on polymer science founded in 1988. It was founded under the initiative of the late Mr. Wang Baoren, a famous Chinese chemist and educator. This journal is co-sponsored by the Chinese Chemical Society, the Institute of Chemistry, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences and is supervised by the China Association for Science and Technology. It is a core journal and is publicly distributed at home and abroad.
"Polymer Bulletin" is a monthly magazine with multiple columns, including a project application guide, outlook, review, research papers, highlight reviews, polymer education and teaching, information sharing, interviews, polymer science popularization, etc. The journal is included in the CSCD Chinese Science Citation Database. It serves as the source journal for Chinese scientific and technological paper statistics and the source journal of Peking University's "Overview of Chinese Core Journals."
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