奶牛营养中的蛋氨酸及其衍生物:对肠道屏障功能、围产期生产性能和代谢健康的影响

IF 2.9 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES
Frontiers in Veterinary Science Pub Date : 2025-09-26 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fvets.2025.1664853
Wenying Huo, Yiyu Lin, Cailing Wang, Hongyu Deng
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引用次数: 0

摘要

对高质量蛋白质产品的需求不断增长,推动了奶牛营养方面的实质性进展,重点是优化氨基酸供应,以提高生产力和健康。蛋氨酸(Methionine, Met)是一种重要的必需氨基酸,在支持反刍动物生长、哺乳、繁殖、维持代谢和免疫稳态等方面发挥着多方面的作用。最近的证据强调了饲粮中蛋氨酸(尤其是瘤胃保护形式蛋氨酸)对奶牛肠道完整性和全身代谢功能的调节潜力。本文就蛋氨酸及其衍生物的分子特性及其在反刍动物生理中的功能作用作一综述。我们评估了目前关于蛋氨酸对肠道屏障的微生物、化学、机械和免疫成分的影响,以及它对围产期乳汁合成、繁殖性能和代谢调节的影响。虽然补充蛋氨酸的好处是公认的,但在其作用机制、与肠道微生物群的相互作用、最佳给药策略、个体反应差异以及哺乳期间的长期结果方面,仍存在关键的知识空白。为了解决这些空白,未来的研究应该采用综合多组学和微生物代谢分析方法,建立精确的营养模型,并探索与其他营养物质的协同相互作用。推进我们对蛋氨酸在奶牛营养中的作用的理解将支持有针对性的补充策略的发展,旨在改善胃肠道健康、生殖效率和商业乳制品系统的整体生产力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Methionine and its derivatives in dairy cow nutrition: implications for intestinal barrier function, periparturient performance, and metabolic health.

The increasing demand for high-quality protein products has driven substantial progress in dairy cow nutrition, with a focus on optimizing amino acid supply to enhance productivity and health. Methionine (Met), a key essential amino acid, plays multifaceted roles in supporting growth, lactation, and reproduction, as well as maintaining metabolic and immune homeostasis in ruminants. Recent evidence highlights the regulatory potential of dietary Met-particularly in its rumen-protected form (RPM)-on intestinal integrity and systemic metabolic function in dairy cows. This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of the molecular properties and functional roles of Met and its derivatives in ruminant physiology. We evaluate current research on Met's influence on the microbial, chemical, mechanical, and immunological components of the intestinal barrier, as well as its effects on milk synthesis, reproductive performance, and metabolic modulation during the periparturient period. While the benefits of Met supplementation are well-recognized, critical knowledge gaps remain regarding its mechanisms of action, interactions with gut microbiota, optimal dosing strategies, individual variability in response, and long-term outcomes across lactations. To address these gaps, future studies should adopt integrative multi-omics and microbiota-metabolite profiling approaches, develop precision nutrition models, and explore synergistic interactions with other nutrients. Advancing our understanding of Met's roles in dairy cow nutrition will support the development of targeted supplementation strategies aimed at improving gastrointestinal health, reproductive efficiency, and overall productivity in commercial dairy systems.

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来源期刊
Frontiers in Veterinary Science
Frontiers in Veterinary Science Veterinary-General Veterinary
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
9.40%
发文量
1870
审稿时长
14 weeks
期刊介绍: Frontiers in Veterinary Science is a global, peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that bridges animal and human health, brings a comparative approach to medical and surgical challenges, and advances innovative biotechnology and therapy. Veterinary research today is interdisciplinary, collaborative, and socially relevant, transforming how we understand and investigate animal health and disease. Fundamental research in emerging infectious diseases, predictive genomics, stem cell therapy, and translational modelling is grounded within the integrative social context of public and environmental health, wildlife conservation, novel biomarkers, societal well-being, and cutting-edge clinical practice and specialization. Frontiers in Veterinary Science brings a 21st-century approach—networked, collaborative, and Open Access—to communicate this progress and innovation to both the specialist and to the wider audience of readers in the field. Frontiers in Veterinary Science publishes articles on outstanding discoveries across a wide spectrum of translational, foundational, and clinical research. The journal''s mission is to bring all relevant veterinary sciences together on a single platform with the goal of improving animal and human health.
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