Research Progress in the Thermal Energy Storage of Phase Change Materials in Solar Thermal Utilization

In this paper, we have overviewed the research conducted to date on phase change materials (PCMs) for photothermal power collection and storage, especially their applications as building materials. In order to facilitate their melting/curing heat transfer process in solar thermal utilization, the design of a latent heat storage system and related facilities is critical. A comprehensive comparison between organic and inorganic PCMs is made to help choose suitable materials for specific applications. Various technologies to enhance heat storage, such as fins, packaging, and multiple (cascaded) PCMs, are discussed in depth. In the end, the current existing problems are summarized, and promising research directions are proposed. This brief review could provide a clear guideline for the future development of PCM utilization in solar energy and related fields.