Enhanced supercapacitor performance via synergistic integration of MOFs and polyaniline: Structural and electrochemical investigations

The escalating worldwide energy demand and the pressing need to address environmental challenges have catalyzed the advancement of novel, sustainable energy storage solutions. Supercapacitors, characterized by elevated power density and extended cycle life, are emerging as a viable choice in this field. This study develops a MIL-53(Fe)/UiO-66/PANI (MUPA) composite for use as an enhanced supercapacitor electrode. MIL-53(Fe) and UiO-66 were synthesized via solvothermal routes, while polyaniline (PANI) was produced through oxidative polymerization; the components were integrated by wet impregnation and ultrasonic dispersion to ensure uniform mixing. A comprehensive suite of characterization techniques was employed to elucidate structural and chemical properties. By adjusting the component ratio, the optimized composite (MUPA212) achieved a specific capacitance of 608 F g⁻¹ in three-electrode testing, nearly doubling the capacitance of the initial MUPA formulation. In a hybrid device paired with activated carbon, it delivered an energy density of 13.77 Wh kg⁻¹ at a power density of 800 W kg⁻¹ and sustaining 10.6 Wh kg⁻¹ at a high power density of 6400 W kg⁻¹. within a 1.6 V window and maintained 93.2 % capacitance over 10,000 cycles. These outcomes underscore the promise of the MUPA composite as a scalable, efficient platform for durable energy storage.