Advances and strategies in the catalytic decomposition of NO to N2

Direct NO decomposition is regarded as an ideal DeNO_x technology, as it requires no reducing agents and produces no secondary pollutants. The success of this technology relies on the development of highly efficient catalysts capable of substantially lowering the activation energy barrier. This review first examined the reaction mechanism and elementary steps of NO decomposition, establishing a fundamental framework for understanding the catalytic performance. Based on these mechanistic insights, it then summarized the key factors influencing the catalyst activity, with particular emphasis on oxygen vacancy generation, basicity regulation, redox capability, and active component dispersion. Recent advances in various catalysts, including noble metals, transition metals, rare earth oxides, and perovskite materials, were systematically analyzed, highlighting their performance and enhancement strategies. Furthermore, the major challenges were critically evaluated, and future research directions were also proposed. Overall, this review aimed to provide theoretical guidance and insights for designing and developing efficient catalysts for direct NO decomposition, thereby promoting progress towards sustainable DeNO_x technologies.