Modification of optical and dielectric properties of PVC nanocomposites doped with CuCo₂O₄-ZnMn₂O₄/TPAI/MWCNTs

Composite films of functionalized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) integrated with green fabricated nanocomposite CuCo₂O₄-ZnMn₂O₄ (CCO/ZMO), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and tetrapropylammonium iodide (TPAI) were formed employing simple casting methodology. X-ray diffraction technique was employed to investigate the structure of the filler samples and all PVC/CCO/ZMO/TPAI/x wt% MWCNTs polymers. The morphology of the doped polymer was explored. The absorbance improved with the integration of CCO/ZMO to PVC and even more with the succeeding insertion of TPAI/x wt% MWCNTs. The direct and indirect E_g values dropped to (4.94, 4.01) eV and (4.42, 3.7) eV (for PVC/CCO/ZMO) and further declined upon doping with TPAI and MWCNTs, attaining their minimum values of (4.48, 3.92, 2.78) eV and (3.48, 3.48, 1.82) eV in the PVC/CCO/ZMO/TPAI/0.25 wt% MWCNTs polymer, respectively. The highest refractive index value was noticed in the PVC/CCO/ZMO/TPAI/0.25 wt% MWCNTs polymer. The CIE chromaticity diagram demonstrated that all polymers' variations in blue-red coloration intensities were based on the kind and/or proportion of the filler. The ε′ value exhibited the maximum values as the MWCNTs content attained 0.25 wt% in the doped polymer. The doped polymer with CCO/ZMO demonstrates the greatest energy density values in the low- and middle-frequency regions. At 1 kHz, the polymer containing 0.25 wt% MWCNTs demonstrated the largest σ_ac values. All loaded polymers possess a singular relaxation peak, while the undoped polymer has two relaxation peaks. The doped polymers with 0.1 wt% MWCNTs have high capacitance relative to other polymers at 100 Hz.