后covid -19时代年轻人自助心理干预:基于GPT-4的PST聊天机器人的开发

IF 3.2 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES
Frontiers in digital health Pub Date : 2025-09-23 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fdgth.2025.1627268
Liuling Mo, He Li, Yanbo Zhang, Ang Li, Ziyue Xiong, Peixin Cun, Tingshao Zhu
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引用次数: 0

摘要

2019冠状病毒病大流行加剧了年轻人的心理压力,一些幸存者经历了持续的精神痛苦,因此迫切需要可获得的心理干预工具。为了帮助受新冠肺炎影响的年轻人在大流行后时代恢复并实现心理健康平衡,本研究开发了在线自助心理干预聊天机器人,以补充现有的心理健康资源。方法:基于大型语言模型GPT-4,利用提示工程技术构建了一个精通问题解决疗法(PST)的聊天机器人。随后,招募了7名心理咨询专业的硕士研究生对聊天机器人进行预测试,并选择了100名感染COVID-19的年轻人进行正式的用户实验,以评估其有效性。结果:预测试结果表明,聊天机器人在与用户交互过程中遵循了PST的核心步骤,并有助于解决问题。形式实验显示,实验组在问题意识维度[t (88.31) = 3.14, p = 0.002]和问题解决维度[t (98) = 3.34, p = 0.001]得分显著高于对照组,但在关系质量维度[t (91.23) = 1.07, p = 0.286]两组之间无显著差异。此外,基于性别和是否存在新冠肺炎后症状的评估没有发现显著差异,表明该聊天机器人具有一定的普遍适用性。结论:这些发现支持了PST聊天机器人在后covid -19时代心理干预中的应用,特别是在帮助用户发现问题和探索解决方案方面。虽然聊天机器人在人机关系质量上没有取得显著的提高,但其普遍的可接受性和广泛的适用性在心理健康领域显示出巨大的潜力,凸显了大型语言模型作为现有资源的补充工具,在促进自助心理健康干预方面的价值。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Self-help psychological intervention for young individuals during the post-COVID-19 era: development of a PST chatbot using GPT-4.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated psychological stress among young people, with some survivors experiencing persistent mental distress, thus creating an urgent need for accessible psychological intervention tools. To help young people affected by COVID-19 recover and achieve balanced mental health in the post-pandemic era, this study developed an online self-help psychological intervention chatbot to supplement existing mental health resources.

Methods: We utilized prompt engineering techniques to construct a chatbot proficient in Problem-Solving Therapy (PST) based on the large language model GPT-4. Subsequently, 7 master's students majoring in psychological counseling were recruited for a pre-test of the chatbot, and 100 young people who had contracted COVID-19 were selected for a formal user experiment to evaluate its effectiveness.

Results: The pre-test results indicated that the chatbot followed the core steps of PST during interactions with users and was helpful in problem-solving. The formal experiment showed that the experimental group scored significantly higher than the control group in the dimensions of problem awareness [t (88.31) = 3.14, p = 0.002] and problem-solving [t (98) = 3.34, p = 0.001], but there was no significant difference between the two groups in the dimension of relationship quality [t (91.23) = 1.07, p = 0.286]. In addition, no significant differences were found in the evaluation based on gender or the presence of post-COVID-19 symptoms, indicating that the chatbot has a certain degree of universal applicability.

Conclusions: These findings support the application of the PST chatbot in post-COVID-19 era psychological interventions, particularly in assisting users with identifying problems and exploring solutions. Although the chatbot did not achieve significant improvement in human-computer relationship quality, its general acceptability and broad applicability demonstrate great potential in the field of mental health, highlighting the value of large language models in promoting self-help mental health interventions as a supplementary tool to existing resources.

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CiteScore
4.20
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