Modification of a Chromogenic Inorganic Basalt Fabric via a Functionalized Anthraquinone Polyurethane Mixed Coating: Exceptional Wear Resistance and EMI Shielding

Basalt fibers (BFs) exhibit promising applications in the textile industry due to their mechanical properties, temperature resistance, and corrosion resistance; however, they are still primarily limited by fiber fracture and the availability of a single color. In this work, a functionalized anthraquinone polyurethane (WAPU) coating was used to modify basalt fabrics to prepare an exceptional wear resistance and electromagnetically shielded purple basalt fabric with a three-dimensional (3D) network embedded structure. The treated fabric exhibited a high fastness purple color (fastness level 4) covered by WAPU coating; significant tensile strength (44.66%) and tear strength (137.17%) were also achieved. The wear resistance was demonstrated as the treated yarn on the fabric surface broke only after cycling for 25,000 cycles, increasing cycles by 1462.5% relative to the BF. The thermalhydro comfort of the fabric was maintained after treatment. In addition, this WAPU/Ag coated fabric also showcased EMI shielding performance (41.1 dB) in the X-band range. This work advances the application process of inorganic basalt fibers in the clothing textile field and provides application scenarios for inorganic functionalized textiles.