将进化论纳入法医人类学方法和实践:一项使用骨骼性别估计的概念验证研究。

IF 2 2区 生物学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY
An-Di Yim, Michala K. Stock, Allysha P. Winburn
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:本研究为将进化论纳入法医人类学实践提供了概念证明。具体来说,我们测试了DSP 2性别估计方法中使用的无名测量是否反映了已知的形态整合模式,以及是否可以在不影响分类准确性的情况下减少变量冗余。材料和方法:从已发表的数据集中获得匿名测量数据,共计3045人。主成分分析(PCA)用于识别测量簇。特征值的相对标准偏差被用来评估形态整合的程度。性别分类的后验概率使用每个聚类一个变量(基于聚类的方法)计算,并与随机选择的四变量方法进行比较,与原始研究推荐的最小值一致。模拟用于生成准确性和达到决策阈值的样本百分比的后验分布。结果:确定了三个不同的无名测量簇,大致对应于已知的无名模块。簇内的形态整合程度高于完整测量集或非整合矩阵。尽管仅使用三个变量,基于聚类的分类方法的准确率(平均值= 96.38%)与随机方法(平均值= 95.64%)相当。虽然在基于聚类的方法下被分配性别的个体较少,但结果显示出更高的一致性。讨论:结果表明,考虑形态整合可以通过减少变量冗余而不影响准确性来简化性别估计。本研究展示了进化原理如何改善法医人类学方法的理论基础,并为基于进化理论的未来方法发展提供了框架。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Incorporating Evolutionary Theory Into Forensic Anthropology Methods and Practice: A Proof-of-Concept Study Using Skeletal Sex Estimation

Incorporating Evolutionary Theory Into Forensic Anthropology Methods and Practice: A Proof-of-Concept Study Using Skeletal Sex Estimation

Objectives

This study provides a proof-of-concept for incorporating evolutionary theory into forensic anthropology practice. Specifically, we test whether innominate measurements used in the DSP 2 sex-estimation method reflect known patterns of morphological integration and whether variable redundancy can be reduced without compromising classification accuracy.

Materials and Methods

Innominate measurements were obtained from published datasets totaling 3045 individuals. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify clusters of measurements. Relative standard deviation of eigenvalues was used to assess the degree of morphological integration. Posterior probabilities of sex classification were computed using one variable per cluster (cluster-based approach) and compared to a randomly selected four-variable approach, consistent with the minimum recommended by the original study. Simulations were used to generate posterior distributions of accuracy and the percentage of samples reaching a decision threshold.

Results

Three distinct clusters of innominate measurements were identified, broadly corresponding to known modules of the innominate. The degree of morphological integration was higher within clusters than in the full measurement set or nonintegrated matrices. The cluster-based classification approach showed comparable accuracy (mean = 96.38%) to the randomized approach (mean = 95.64%) despite using only three variables. While fewer individuals were assigned a sex under the cluster-based method, the results demonstrated higher consistency.

Discussion

Results suggest that accounting for morphological integration can streamline sex estimation by reducing variable redundancy without compromising accuracy. This study demonstrates how evolutionary principles can improve the theoretical foundation of forensic anthropology methods and offers a framework for future method development grounded in evolutionary theory.

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