Changes in Child and Youth Mental Health Following the Return To In-Person Learning Post-COVID-19 Pandemic.

Purpose of review: Changes in youth mental health during the pandemic have been well documented globally, but research on how mental health changed when schools returned to in-person learning is just emerging. This review summarizes the available global research on child and youth mental health following school reopening for in-person learning.

Recent findings: Results varied by the mental health indicator being assessed and by subgroups of children and youth, with age-related differences, and possible gender-related influences. Some modifiable risk and protective factors examined included time spent on homework; internet and social media use; physical activity; communication/conflict with others; optimism; social relationships with family, teacher and peers; parental mental health; and inconsistent discipline. Some youth fared better when schools reopened in-person, but for others mental health challenges persisted. Mental health services shifted during the height of the pandemic, and some supports are no longer available. Continued monitoring is needed to help with recovery and resilience.