{"title":"PM2.5成分对肺细胞凋亡途径和化学毒性的季节性和COVID-19封锁变化。","authors":"Ting-Hsuan Wu, Yu-Cheng Chen, Hong-Lin Chan, Hsiu-Chuan Chou","doi":"10.1016/j.bbagen.2025.130864","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate seasonal and COVID-19-lockdown variations in PM2.5 chemical composition in Taipei and the effects of those compositional differences on lung cell toxicity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PM2.5 was collected in warm (2021/07-2021/08) and cold (2021/11-2022/02) seasons and during LV2/LV3 COVID-19 alert periods. Composition (metals, PAHs) was analyzed and A549 and PC9 lung cells were exposed to equal mass concentrations (0-100 μg/mL) of extracted PM2.5. Cell viability, ROS, apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential and GSH/GPX4 were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At equivalent mass concentrations (50 μg/mL), warm-season PM2.5 induced higher ROS and greater reduction in viability than cold-season PM2.5. LV2-period PM2.5 contained higher metal content and caused more severe cellular damage than LV3. Spearman correlation plus single-compound assays identified cadmium and Dibenzo[a,e]pyrene as components strongly associated with cytotoxicity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Seasonal and human-activity driven compositional changes-rather than mass concentration alone-affect PM2.5 toxicity in vitro; these results underscore the importance of controlling specific chemical emissions.</p>","PeriodicalId":8800,"journal":{"name":"Biochimica et biophysica acta. General subjects","volume":" ","pages":"130864"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Seasonal and COVID-19 lockdown variations in PM<sub>2.5</sub> composition to apoptosis pathways and chemical toxicity in lung cells.\",\"authors\":\"Ting-Hsuan Wu, Yu-Cheng Chen, Hong-Lin Chan, Hsiu-Chuan Chou\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.bbagen.2025.130864\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate seasonal and COVID-19-lockdown variations in PM2.5 chemical composition in Taipei and the effects of those compositional differences on lung cell toxicity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PM2.5 was collected in warm (2021/07-2021/08) and cold (2021/11-2022/02) seasons and during LV2/LV3 COVID-19 alert periods. Composition (metals, PAHs) was analyzed and A549 and PC9 lung cells were exposed to equal mass concentrations (0-100 μg/mL) of extracted PM2.5. Cell viability, ROS, apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential and GSH/GPX4 were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At equivalent mass concentrations (50 μg/mL), warm-season PM2.5 induced higher ROS and greater reduction in viability than cold-season PM2.5. LV2-period PM2.5 contained higher metal content and caused more severe cellular damage than LV3. Spearman correlation plus single-compound assays identified cadmium and Dibenzo[a,e]pyrene as components strongly associated with cytotoxicity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Seasonal and human-activity driven compositional changes-rather than mass concentration alone-affect PM2.5 toxicity in vitro; these results underscore the importance of controlling specific chemical emissions.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":8800,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Biochimica et biophysica acta. General subjects\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"130864\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-10-04\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Biochimica et biophysica acta. General subjects\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"99\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbagen.2025.130864\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"生物学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Biochimica et biophysica acta. General subjects","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbagen.2025.130864","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Seasonal and COVID-19 lockdown variations in PM2.5 composition to apoptosis pathways and chemical toxicity in lung cells.
Objective: To investigate seasonal and COVID-19-lockdown variations in PM2.5 chemical composition in Taipei and the effects of those compositional differences on lung cell toxicity.
Methods: PM2.5 was collected in warm (2021/07-2021/08) and cold (2021/11-2022/02) seasons and during LV2/LV3 COVID-19 alert periods. Composition (metals, PAHs) was analyzed and A549 and PC9 lung cells were exposed to equal mass concentrations (0-100 μg/mL) of extracted PM2.5. Cell viability, ROS, apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential and GSH/GPX4 were measured.
Results: At equivalent mass concentrations (50 μg/mL), warm-season PM2.5 induced higher ROS and greater reduction in viability than cold-season PM2.5. LV2-period PM2.5 contained higher metal content and caused more severe cellular damage than LV3. Spearman correlation plus single-compound assays identified cadmium and Dibenzo[a,e]pyrene as components strongly associated with cytotoxicity.
Conclusions: Seasonal and human-activity driven compositional changes-rather than mass concentration alone-affect PM2.5 toxicity in vitro; these results underscore the importance of controlling specific chemical emissions.
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BBA General Subjects accepts for submission either original, hypothesis-driven studies or reviews covering subjects in biochemistry and biophysics that are considered to have general interest for a wide audience. Manuscripts with interdisciplinary approaches are especially encouraged.
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