Evaluation of the structural, morphological, magnetic, optical, and dielectric properties of a novel Fe3O4@1.4-DHB nanocomposites

This study focuses on the detailed analysis of the synthesis, structural, morphological, surface textural, magnetic, optical, and electrical properties of Fe₃O₄@1,4-DHB magnetic nanocomposites (MNCs). Fe₃O₄@1,4-DHB MNCs were produced by a one-step chemical reaction process with a core-shell strategy. The average crystallite size, dislocation density, micro-strain, saturation magnetization, surface area and band gap energy values of Fe₃O₄@1,4-DHB MNCs were measured as 8.14 nm, 15.86×10^-3 nm^-2, 3.74×10^-3, 41.96 emu/g, 101.96 m²/g and 4.38 eV, respectively. Fe₃O₄@1,4-DHB MNCs were determined to have an inverse spinel structure, exhibit superparamagnetic, and mesoporous characteristics. The narrow band gap of Fe₃O₄@1,4-DHB MNCs reveals that it has a wide light usage range and exhibits optical properties. The behaviors of the parameters Bode curve, dielectric constant, dielectric loss factor, loss tangent value, capacitance, admittance (susceptance, conductance), and real electric modulus, loss electric modulus of Fe₃O₄@1,4-DHB MNCs were investigated. The series resistance of Fe₃O₄@1,4-DHB MNCs was measured as 402 Ω, capacitance as 2.352×10^-11 F, and charge transfer resistance as 227.3 kΩ. It was observed that increasing the frequency decreased the dielectric constant, dielectric loss factor, tanδ (after a certain value), and capacitance values. However, increasing the applied voltage (at low frequency) increased the phase angle, dielectric loss factor, tanδ values, capacitance values, and conductance values in a smooth regime. Because this nanocomposite exhibits magnetic, optical and dielectric properties, it can play an important role as a material that can be used in various applications in many branches of industry in the future.