2025 Chinese guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease that poses significant challenges in diagnosis and treatment. In recent years, advances in basic and clinical research related to SLE have led to the emergence of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, as well as the continuous updates of international clinical guidelines. Consequently, existing guidelines no longer fully align with current clinical practice in China. Initiated by the National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases and the Chinese SLE Treatment and Research Group, and in collaboration with the Chinese Rheumatology Association and Chinese Association of Rheumatology and Immunology Physicians, an expert panel has comprehensively evaluated the latest research evidence and integrated domestic clinical experience. In accordance with the GRADE framework, the "2020 Chinese Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus" have undergone systematic revision. The updated guidelines provide detailed evidence-based recommendations addressing 12 critical clinical concerns prioritized by frontline rheumatologists in China. The revision aims to optimize the scientific rigor of SLE clinical management and enhance patient-centered healthcare services.