A Novel LED Spherical Visual Display System and Its Geometric Calibration Method

Visual display systems are widely utilized in simulation training systems due to their ability to provide users with realistic visual representations. To achieve a more immersive display experience, these systems typically expand the field of view by combining multiple display devices. This paper proposes a novel spherical dome display system based on LED technology, designed to achieve a full-field, high-definition spherical display. The study focuses on the display driving mechanism of the dome, introducing a channel segmentation method to enable efficient driving. To address the geometric distortion that occurs when planar images are projected onto a spherical surface, a targeted geometric correction method is proposed. The theoretical principles and correction process are explained in detail. Through algorithm simulations and experimental validation, the proposed channel segmentation and geometric correction methods effectively reduce the number of driving channels required for the LED spherical display, decrease image processing complexity, and simplify hardware implementation. The corrected images are free from distortion and deformation, with smooth, misalignment-free transitions between channels. These methods ensure the proper functionality of the proposed LED spherical display, thereby supporting its widespread application.