Response characteristic of fenaminosulf and Pb(II) on interactively modified moss peat

In the present study, extracts (E) from Portulaca oleracea, dimethyl dodecyl betaine (D), and sodium alginate (S) were utilized for single, binary, and ternary modifications on the surface of moss peat (MP). The microscopic morphology of the interactively modified MPs was studied using various testing methods. A batch method was employed to investigate the thermodynamic and kinetic characteristics of fenaminosulf (FMF) and Pb(II) adsorption on the tested materials, and the effects of pH, temperature, and ionic strength on adsorption were compared. The modifications of E, D, and S altered the physicochemical properties and introduced functional groups onto the MP. The adsorption behavior of FMF and Pb(II) was better described by the Henry and Langmuir models, respectively. The adsorption capacities of FMF and Pb(II) were all in the order of ternary > binary > single modification. Raising the pH level was advantageous for Pb(II) adsorption but not favorable for FMF adsorption. The adsorption capacity for both FMF and Pb(II) initially increased and subsequently decreased as ionic strength rose. The adsorption of FMF and Pb(II) onto various modified MPs increased with higher temperatures, and the process was spontaneous, endothermic, and resulted in an increase in entropy, aligning with the pseudo-first-order kinetic model.