动静腔涡控孔的流动控制机理研究

IF 5.4 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Thermal Science and Engineering Progress Pub Date : 2025-09-23 DOI:10.1016/j.tsep.2025.104145

Ziyi Sun , Jun Liu , Guang Liu , Zengyan Lian , Pei Wang , Huiping Pei , Xingen Lu

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引用次数: 0

摘要

离心式压缩机后腔是典型的径向内流的动静腔。本文主要研究涡控孔结构对该类腔内流动的影响及控制机理。实验测量了旋转雷诺数Reφ = 2.1 × 106，主流流量系数Cw = 1.8 × 104，二次气流相对流量Qm = 0% ~ 12%时，盘腔内静压损失系数沿径向分布。结果表明，涡控孔能显著降低静压损失。湍流参数λt成为控制简单空腔内流动的关键因素，在流动系数与旋转雷诺数的特定关系下，显示出独特的流场结构。带涡控孔的腔体引入二次气流。因此，提出了一个修正的湍流参数λt*。当λt*和Qm在λt*=0.12 ~ 0.24范围内相同时，不同的转速和流量组合产生相同的旋流比和静压损失系数。采用数值计算方法分析了Qm = 0% ~ 25%时腔内流场结构。研究发现，随着Qm的增大，涡控孔下方区域由Batchelor流型向Stewartson流型转变，这种转变影响了旋流比的径向分布和压力损失。在此基础上，根据腔内旋流比和静压损失的分布特点，建立了带涡控孔的动静腔内旋流比的预测模型。

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Research on the flow control mechanism of vortex-control holes in a Rotor-Stator cavity

The back cavity of a centrifugal compressor is a typical rotor–stator cavity with radial internal flow. This article mainly studied the influence and control mechanism of vortex-control hole structure on the flow in this type of cavity. The experiment measured the distribution of static pressure loss coefficient along the radial direction in the disk cavity with a rotational Reynolds number Re_φ = 2.1 × 10⁶, a mainstream flow coefficient C_w = 1.8 × 10⁴, and a relative flow rate of secondary air stream Q_m = 0 %∼12 %. Results demonstrated that vortex-control holes significantly reduce static pressure loss. The turbulence parameter λ_t emerged as a critical factor governing flow in simple cavities, revealing a unique flow field structure under specific relationships between flow coefficient and rotational Reynolds number. The cavity with vortex-control holes introduces the secondary air stream. Therefore, a modified turbulence parameter λ_t* was proposed. When λ_t* and Q_m are the same within the range of λ_t*=0.12 ∼ 0.24, different combinations of rotational speed and flow rate yield the same swirl ratio and static pressure loss coefficient. The flow field structure in the cavity was analyzed using numerical calculations when Q_m = 0 %∼25 %. It was found that with the increase of Q_m, the region below the vortex-control holes transitions from the Batchelor flow pattern to the Stewartson flow pattern, and this transition affects the radial distributions of the swirl ratio and pressure loss. Furthermore, based on the distribution characteristics of swirl ratio and static pressure loss in the cavity, a prediction model for the swirl ratio in the rotor–stator cavity with vortex-control holes was established.

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来源期刊

Thermal Science and Engineering Progress Chemical Engineering-Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes

CiteScore

7.20

自引率

10.40%

发文量

327

审稿时长

41 days

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