年度最佳进展:无创结直肠癌筛查试验

IF 5.1 2区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY
Cancer Pub Date : 2025-10-04 DOI:10.1002/cncr.70115
Brian Ko MD, Pakdee Rojanasopondist MD, William M. Grady MD
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引用次数: 0

摘要

结直肠癌(CRC)筛查已被证明在预防这种常见癌症的死亡方面更有效,但目前的方法并不理想。由于局限性和障碍,间隔期癌症时有发生,许多人(25%-40%)不符合结直肠癌筛查。过去一年的进步,导致了基于血液的筛查测试和更准确的粪便测试,解决了当前测试的局限性。去年发表的三项临床试验已经带来了一种新的基于血液的测试,一种多靶点粪便eRNA测试,以及一种改进的多靶点粪便DNA测试,用于结肠直肠癌筛查。多靶点eRNA粪便检测和多靶点粪便DNA检测对结直肠癌的敏感性分别为94.4%(特异度87.9%)和93.5%(特异度90.6%),对晚期息肉的敏感性分别为45.9%和43.4%。血液检测使用游离细胞DNA检测结直肠癌,对结直肠癌的敏感性为83%(特异性为89.6%),对晚期腺瘤的敏感性为13%。这些进展为CRC筛查提供了一种新颖有效的基于血液的检测方法,有望提高依从性,以及更准确的基于粪便的检测方法,有望减少间隔期CRC的发生。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Top advances of the year: Noninvasive colorectal cancer screening tests

Top advances of the year: Noninvasive colorectal cancer screening tests

Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening has been shown to be more effective in preventing deaths from this common cancer, but current methods are suboptimal. Because of limitations and barriers, interval cancers occur, and many people (25%–40%) are not compliant with colorectal cancer screening. Advances over the past year, which have led to a blood-based screening test and more accurate stool tests, address the limitations of current tests. Three clinical trials published in the past year have led to a novel blood-based test, a multitarget stool eRNA test, and an improved multitarget stool DNA test for colorectal cancer screening. The multitarget eRNA stool-based test and multitarget stool DNA test are 94.4% sensitive (87.9% specificity) and 93.5% sensitive (90.6% specificity) for CRC and 45.9% sensitive and 43.4% sensitive for advanced polyps, respectively. The blood test uses cell free DNA to detect CRC and is 83% sensitive for CRC (89.6% specificity) and 13% sensitive for advanced adenomas. These advances provide a novel effective blood-based test for CRC screening, which promises to increase compliance, and more accurate stool-based tests, which promise to lead to fewer interval CRCs.

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来源期刊
Cancer
Cancer 医学-肿瘤学
CiteScore
13.10
自引率
3.20%
发文量
480
审稿时长
2-3 weeks
期刊介绍: The CANCER site is a full-text, electronic implementation of CANCER, an Interdisciplinary International Journal of the American Cancer Society, and CANCER CYTOPATHOLOGY, a Journal of the American Cancer Society. CANCER publishes interdisciplinary oncologic information according to, but not limited to, the following disease sites and disciplines: blood/bone marrow; breast disease; endocrine disorders; epidemiology; gastrointestinal tract; genitourinary disease; gynecologic oncology; head and neck disease; hepatobiliary tract; integrated medicine; lung disease; medical oncology; neuro-oncology; pathology radiation oncology; translational research
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