Enhancing the Operational Economic Viability of Agricultural Parks Through Cascaded Fuzzy Control for a High Proportion of Photovoltaic Storage Integration

Modern agricultural parks possess substantial photovoltaic (PV) resources, yet there is often hesitation to invest in PV and storage systems (PV–storage systems) due to economic considerations. This study introduces a method to boost the operational economic viability of agricultural parks with a high proportion of PV storage integration through cascaded fuzzy control. This strategy is designed to enhance the expected economic returns, thereby increasing the propensity to invest in PV-storage systems. The method involves a primary fuzzy controller, termed the “microgrid energy assessment module,” which uses a cloud model to determine the membership values based on the park’s PV power generation, load demand, and energy storage status. This assessment estimates the current energy status of the agricultural park microgrid. A secondary fuzzy controller, the “reference power transaction resolution module,” calculates the reference power transactions based on the energy status assessment provided by the primary controller and time-of-use (TOU) electricity pricing. In addition, this study leverages an adaptive genetic algorithm to optimize the fuzzy rule table, thereby refining the control strategy for economic improvement of the park. The park’s cloud-based controller can then utilize these reference power transactions, in conjunction with the storage system’s capacity constraints, to proactively manage the buying and selling of electricity, thus enhancing the park’s operational economic viability. Practical experiments conducted in an agricultural park in China, using an installed cloud controller, side sensor, and optical storage machine, demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed control method. Historical operational data simulation analysis further validates that the implementation of this method can significantly enhance the economic performance of agricultural parks with high PV storage integration. This facilitates faster recovery of investment costs, increased profitability, and supports the development of low-carbon, energy-autonomous agricultural parks.