Harri Toivonen , Mark Dowdall , Sakari Ihantola , Aliaksandr Dvornik , Maria Karampiperi , Robert Finck , Pernille Ahlmann Jensen , Gísli Jónsson , Philip Holm , Jussi Huikari , Kari Peräjärvi , Christopher Rääf , Viktor Lehmann , Christian Bernhardsson
{"title":"用于伽马发射源定位的双探测器阵列的定向容量","authors":"Harri Toivonen , Mark Dowdall , Sakari Ihantola , Aliaksandr Dvornik , Maria Karampiperi , Robert Finck , Pernille Ahlmann Jensen , Gísli Jónsson , Philip Holm , Jussi Huikari , Kari Peräjärvi , Christopher Rääf , Viktor Lehmann , Christian Bernhardsson","doi":"10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107534","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Capacities for source localization in response to incidents involving radioactive materials are essential for effective, efficient response. In this context, the directional response of a detection system is of importance. Many solutions currently employed for source localization involve approaches that may be onerous with respect to cost, complexity and practicality for field operations. To avoid these drawbacks, an approached was developed based on simultaneous use of two gamma detectors (2 x 1 array). Simple mathematical models were developed to cope with the count rate detected by two adjacent detectors. The parameters of the model depend mainly on the design of the detectors and can thus be concluded from the drawings. For large detectors, the energy dependency of the directional estimate is negligible. The method can be applied for small hand-held systems as well without resort to complex calibrations or data processing. The directional response of several 2 x 1 arrays, constructed from commercially available, off-the-shelf detectors, was confirmed using Monte Carlo approaches and actual measurements under controlled conditions. Optimization strategies and performance constraints were described and analyzed regarding the use of a shield between the detectors. Results indicate that 2 x 1 arrays of a number of detector types and sizes can provide functional estimates of source direction a field of view of 180°.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21055,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Measurements","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 107534"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Directional capacity of a two detector array for localization of gamma emitting sources\",\"authors\":\"Harri Toivonen , Mark Dowdall , Sakari Ihantola , Aliaksandr Dvornik , Maria Karampiperi , Robert Finck , Pernille Ahlmann Jensen , Gísli Jónsson , Philip Holm , Jussi Huikari , Kari Peräjärvi , Christopher Rääf , Viktor Lehmann , Christian Bernhardsson\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107534\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>Capacities for source localization in response to incidents involving radioactive materials are essential for effective, efficient response. In this context, the directional response of a detection system is of importance. Many solutions currently employed for source localization involve approaches that may be onerous with respect to cost, complexity and practicality for field operations. To avoid these drawbacks, an approached was developed based on simultaneous use of two gamma detectors (2 x 1 array). Simple mathematical models were developed to cope with the count rate detected by two adjacent detectors. The parameters of the model depend mainly on the design of the detectors and can thus be concluded from the drawings. For large detectors, the energy dependency of the directional estimate is negligible. The method can be applied for small hand-held systems as well without resort to complex calibrations or data processing. The directional response of several 2 x 1 arrays, constructed from commercially available, off-the-shelf detectors, was confirmed using Monte Carlo approaches and actual measurements under controlled conditions. Optimization strategies and performance constraints were described and analyzed regarding the use of a shield between the detectors. Results indicate that 2 x 1 arrays of a number of detector types and sizes can provide functional estimates of source direction a field of view of 180°.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":21055,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Radiation Measurements\",\"volume\":\"189 \",\"pages\":\"Article 107534\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-09-30\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Radiation Measurements\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"101\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1350448725001635\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"物理与天体物理\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Radiation Measurements","FirstCategoryId":"101","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1350448725001635","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Directional capacity of a two detector array for localization of gamma emitting sources
Capacities for source localization in response to incidents involving radioactive materials are essential for effective, efficient response. In this context, the directional response of a detection system is of importance. Many solutions currently employed for source localization involve approaches that may be onerous with respect to cost, complexity and practicality for field operations. To avoid these drawbacks, an approached was developed based on simultaneous use of two gamma detectors (2 x 1 array). Simple mathematical models were developed to cope with the count rate detected by two adjacent detectors. The parameters of the model depend mainly on the design of the detectors and can thus be concluded from the drawings. For large detectors, the energy dependency of the directional estimate is negligible. The method can be applied for small hand-held systems as well without resort to complex calibrations or data processing. The directional response of several 2 x 1 arrays, constructed from commercially available, off-the-shelf detectors, was confirmed using Monte Carlo approaches and actual measurements under controlled conditions. Optimization strategies and performance constraints were described and analyzed regarding the use of a shield between the detectors. Results indicate that 2 x 1 arrays of a number of detector types and sizes can provide functional estimates of source direction a field of view of 180°.
期刊介绍:
The journal seeks to publish papers that present advances in the following areas: spontaneous and stimulated luminescence (including scintillating materials, thermoluminescence, and optically stimulated luminescence); electron spin resonance of natural and synthetic materials; the physics, design and performance of radiation measurements (including computational modelling such as electronic transport simulations); the novel basic aspects of radiation measurement in medical physics. Studies of energy-transfer phenomena, track physics and microdosimetry are also of interest to the journal.
Applications relevant to the journal, particularly where they present novel detection techniques, novel analytical approaches or novel materials, include: personal dosimetry (including dosimetric quantities, active/electronic and passive monitoring techniques for photon, neutron and charged-particle exposures); environmental dosimetry (including methodological advances and predictive models related to radon, but generally excluding local survey results of radon where the main aim is to establish the radiation risk to populations); cosmic and high-energy radiation measurements (including dosimetry, space radiation effects, and single event upsets); dosimetry-based archaeological and Quaternary dating; dosimetry-based approaches to thermochronometry; accident and retrospective dosimetry (including activation detectors), and dosimetry and measurements related to medical applications.