Development of a phosphorus waste-free switchable approach for the direct synthesis of alkyl azides from alcohols using magnetic phosphoryl azide nanoparticles

A novel environmentally friendly protocol is presented for the synthesis of alkyl azides using phosphoryl azide-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles, prepared through a simple and scalable process from readily available precursors. These nanoparticles act as both nanoreagents and nanocatalysts in a one-pot transformation of alcohols to azides under mild conditions and short reaction times. The process eliminates the generation of phosphorus-containing waste while still benefiting from the incorporation of phosphine functionality in the activation of alcohols, marking a significant advancement in waste minimization and aligning with principles of green chemistry. Notably, the catalyst is magnetically recoverable, enabling easy and efficient recycling over multiple cycles without significant loss of activity, as confirmed by ICP analysis indicating minimal leaching of organic functional groups. This sustainable catalytic system offers several environmental benefits, including reduced hazardous waste and minimized reliance on stoichiometric phosphorus reagents. The strategy delivers high product yields and operational simplicity while significantly reducing the ecological footprint typically associated with azide synthesis.