南海中部地表水微塑料的发生、特征及生态风险评价

IF 4.9 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Hongsong Zeng , Dongxiang Liu , Shuchen Liu , Zeyuan Li , Yongcheng Ding , Teng Wang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

微塑料污染对半封闭的海洋生态系统构成严重威胁,但热带海洋缺乏全面的风险评估框架。本研究通过系统取样、聚合物表征和环境分析等方法,全面研究了南海中部微塑料污染动态和生态风险。定量分析显示,微塑料丰度的空间分布差异显著(386-4254项/m3,平均1198±136.51项/m3),呈现明显的近岸-近海梯度(近岸a区:1700项/m3,近岸C区:740项/m3),主要受陆地输入和季风驱动的表层洋流的影响。粒径分析表明,200 ~ 500 μm组分占主导地位(30%),而聚合物成分分析表明,主要类型为人造丝(20.8%)和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(15.3%),分别来自城市污水纤维排放和包装材料降解。污染风险指数(PRI)评估显示,过渡区(B区,平均PRI: 4007.17)是一个关键的风险热点,因为局部积聚了低含量、高毒性的聚合物,特别是聚苯乙烯(PRI: 10614)和聚氯乙烯(PRI: 8518)。该研究表明,传统的基于丰度的评估忽视了聚合物特异性毒性,低估了生态风险。污染的严重程度是由毒性而不是丰度决定的。建议包括优先制定针对聚合物的监测方案,并加强高风险地区的废水处理和监管控制。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Occurrence, characteristics and ecological risk assessment of microplastics in the surface water of the Central South China Sea

Occurrence, characteristics and ecological risk assessment of microplastics in the surface water of the Central South China Sea
Microplastic pollution poses serious threats in semi-enclosed marine ecosystems, yet comprehensive risk assessment frameworks are lacking for tropical seas. This study comprehensively investigated microplastic pollution dynamics and ecological risks in the central South China Sea through systematic sampling, polymer characterization, and environmental analysis. Quantitative analysis revealed significant spatial distribution differences in microplastic abundance (386–4254 items/m3, mean 1198 ± 136.51 items/m3), showing a pronounced nearshore-offshore gradient (nearshore Zone A: 1700 items/m3 vs. offshore Zone C: 740 items/m3), primarily influenced by terrestrial inputs and monsoon-driven surface currents. Particle size analysis indicated 200-500 μm fraction dominance (30 %), while polymer composition analysis identified rayon (20.8 %) and polyethylene terephthalate (15.3 %) as major types, originating from municipal sewage fiber discharge and packaging material degradation, respectively. Pollution Risk Index (PRI) assessment showed the transition zone (Zone B, mean PRI: 4007.17) as a critical risk hotspot due to localized accumulation of low-content, high-toxicity polymers, particularly polystyrene (PRI: 10614) and polyvinyl chloride (PRI: 8518). The study demonstrates that conventional abundance-based assessments underestimate ecological risks by overlooking polymer-specific toxicity. Pollution severity is determined by toxicity rather than abundance. Recommendations include prioritizing polymer-specific monitoring protocols and enhancing wastewater treatment and regulatory controls in high-risk areas.
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来源期刊
Marine pollution bulletin
Marine pollution bulletin 环境科学-海洋与淡水生物学
CiteScore
10.20
自引率
15.50%
发文量
1077
审稿时长
68 days
期刊介绍: Marine Pollution Bulletin is concerned with the rational use of maritime and marine resources in estuaries, the seas and oceans, as well as with documenting marine pollution and introducing new forms of measurement and analysis. A wide range of topics are discussed as news, comment, reviews and research reports, not only on effluent disposal and pollution control, but also on the management, economic aspects and protection of the marine environment in general.
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