核天体物理在线干涉测厚的气体喷射靶

IF 1.4 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION

Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI:10.1016/j.nima.2025.171034

Anup Yadav , Daniel Bemmerer , Fabian Donat , Juozas Dudutis , Sören Göhler , Maik Görler , Maxim Hilz , Arie Irman , Miglė Mackevičiūtė , Konrad Schmidt , Manfred Sobiella , Vidmantas Tomkus , Kai Zuber

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引用次数: 0

摘要

为核天体物理用费尔森凯勒5 MV地下离子加速器研制了一种新的射流靶系统。它提供1.5 × 1018个原子/cm2厚的圆柱形射流或8 × 1017个原子/cm2厚的氮气壁，离子束可以看到表面为10 × 10 mm2。该系统包括一个de Laval型喷嘴和总共五个泵送级：除了射流捕集器和围绕它的射流室外，还有三个级将射流连接到离子加速器。在喷射室后面，从离子束上看，安装了一个无窗静态气体靶，随后安装了一个束量热计。本工作描述了气体靶系统在安装在费尔森凯勒加速器束流线上之前的离线测试。射流厚度的测定采用了三种不同的方法：计算流体动力学模拟，使用马赫-曾德尔干涉仪，α-能量损失，使用混合α源。结果表明，这三种方法是一致的。对于0-6 bar的进口气体压力，发现了进口压力与射流厚度之间的线性关系。不同形状的de Laval型进口喷嘴，包括圆形和狭缝型，由熔融石英玻璃或不锈钢制成，并通过测量和模拟进行了测试。对光束量热仪的功率和稳定性进行了测试。干涉测量已被证明是可靠的工作，并给出二维投影的气体射流与亚毫米分辨率。

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Gas-jet target with online interferometric thickness measurement for nuclear astrophysics

A new jet gas target system has been developed for the Felsenkeller 5 MV underground ion accelerator for nuclear astrophysics. It provides either a 1.5 × 10¹⁸ atoms/cm² thick cylindrical jet or a 8 × 10¹⁷ atoms/cm² thick wall of nitrogen gas, with a surface of 10 × 10 mm² to be seen by the ion beam.

The system includes a de Laval type nozzle and altogether five pumping stages: In addition to the jet catcher and the jet chamber surrounding it, there are three stages connecting the jet to the ion accelerator. Behind the jet chamber, as seen from the ion beam, a windowless static-type gas target and, subsequently, a beam calorimeter have been installed.

This work describes the offline tests of the gas target system prior to its installation on the beam line of the Felsenkeller accelerator.

The thickness of the jet has been determined using three different methods: By computational fluid dynamics simulations, with a Mach–Zehnder interferometer, and by

α

-energy loss using a mixed

α

source. The three methods were shown to be in agreement. For 0-6 bar inlet gas pressure, a linear relationship between inlet pressure and jet thickness has been found.

Different shapes of de Laval type inlet nozzles, both circular and slit-type, have been manufactured from fused silica glass or stainless steel and tested using measurements and simulations. The power and stability of the beam calorimeter have been tested. The interferometry has been shown to work reliably and to give two-dimensional projections of the gas jet with sub-mm resolution.

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来源期刊

Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment 物理-光谱学

CiteScore

3.20

自引率

21.40%

发文量

787

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Section A of Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research publishes papers on design, manufacturing and performance of scientific instruments with an emphasis on large scale facilities. This includes the development of particle accelerators, ion sources, beam transport systems and target arrangements as well as the use of secondary phenomena such as synchrotron radiation and free electron lasers. It also includes all types of instrumentation for the detection and spectrometry of radiations from high energy processes and nuclear decays, as well as instrumentation for experiments at nuclear reactors. Specialized electronics for nuclear and other types of spectrometry as well as computerization of measurements and control systems in this area also find their place in the A section. Theoretical as well as experimental papers are accepted.