Advanced glazing systems for retrofitting educational buildings: A comprehensive visual comfort, life cycle energy, and environmental impact

Glazing systems play a crucial role in building envelopes, primarily by providing visual comfort, although they are less effective in preventing heat transfer. This study focuses on three types of advanced glazing systems, investigating their impact on visual comfort and life cycle assessment in an educational building located in Qazvin, Iran, within the Hot-summer Mediterranean (Csa) Köppen climate zone. The primary objective of this study is to identify the optimal type that enhances visual comfort while reducing environmental impacts throughout the life cycle. A quantitative simulation approach was applied in this research. Data was collected using the Window software. Subsequently, energy and lighting simulations were conducted using the Ladybug Tools plugin and EnergyPlus software, and a life cycle assessment was carried out using SimaPro. The life cycle assessment utilized the Ecoinvent database and the ReCiPe method. Results indicate that the first type of Fritted glazing (16.87 %) and Microshade (10.45 %) exhibit the lowest carbon emissions and the best glare control, respectively. Moreover, the first type of Fritted glazing was found to be the most effective for providing adequate daylight. This research can assist designers and builders in making more informed decisions regarding advanced glazing systems and improving educational environment quality.