结构测试中的3D激光扫描和DIC：最新技术、最佳实践和有效使用

IF 6.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Engineering Structures Pub Date : 2025-10-03 DOI:10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.121055

Xin Meng , Andy Pullen , Xi Guo , Xiang Yun , Leroy Gardner

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引用次数: 0

摘要

三维激光扫描和数字图像相关技术（DIC）是两种能够非接触、全方位测量表面几何形状和变形的新技术，在结构工程研究中得到了越来越多的应用。本文旨在对三维激光扫描和DIC技术在结构测试中的应用现状进行综述，并介绍其在金属结构物理实验中的主要应用和优势。首先介绍了三维激光扫描的基本原理和一般应用。随后，将通用结构钢样品的激光扫描描述为演示工作流程的案例研究，并提供最佳实践建议。三维激光扫描已在结构实验中用于确定尺寸参数，检查表面形貌，表征不同形式的几何缺陷，并在有限元建模中表示真正的几何形状，提供并讨论了其示例以及相应的数据分析方法。对于DIC，在初步审查之后，随后提出了在存根柱测试中建立立体DIC系统的程序，其中提供了关于设置，散斑模式，执行和数据处理的建议。随后介绍了DIC在各种类型的结构实验中的应用实例，从材料测试到几何缺陷测量，结构元件测试和结构系统测试，并讨论了DIC相对于传统测量方法的优势。三维激光扫描和DIC为结构研究人员在物理实验中对金属结构的几何特性和行为提供了更深入的了解，本文的工作将有助于促进同行研究人员更广泛、更有效地使用这些技术。

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3D laser scanning and DIC in structural testing: state‐of‐the‐art, best practice and effective use

3D laser scanning and digital image correlation (DIC), two novel techniques capable of non-contact, full-field measurements of surface geometry and deformations respectively, have emerged and gained increasing applications in structural engineering research. The aim of the present study is to provide a state-of-the-art review and best-practice guidance on 3D laser scanning and DIC in the context of structural testing, and to introduce their main applications and advantages in physical experiments on metallic structures. For 3D laser scanning, the basic principles and general applications are firstly introduced. Laser scanning of a generic structural steel sample is subsequently described as a case study to demonstrate the workflow, with recommendations provided on the best practice. 3D laser scanning has been utilised in structural experiments for determining dimensional parameters, examining surface topography, characterising geometric imperfections of different forms and representing true geometry in finite element modelling, examples of which, along with corresponding data analysis methods, are provided and discussed. For DIC, following an initial review, the procedure for setting up a stereo DIC system in a stub column test is subsequently presented, where recommendations are provided on the setup, speckle pattern, execution and data processing. Example applications of DIC in various types of structural experiments, ranging from material tests to geometric imperfection measurements, structural element tests and structural system tests, are subsequently presented, and the advantages offered by DIC over conventional measurement methods are discussed. 3D laser scanning and DIC provide structural researchers with deeper insights into the geometric properties and behaviour of metallic structures in physical experiments, and the presented work will help to facilitate the broader and more effective use of these techniques among peer researchers.

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来源期刊

Engineering Structures 工程技术-工程：土木

CiteScore

10.20

自引率

14.50%

发文量

1385

审稿时长

67 days

期刊介绍： Engineering Structures provides a forum for a broad blend of scientific and technical papers to reflect the evolving needs of the structural engineering and structural mechanics communities. Particularly welcome are contributions dealing with applications of structural engineering and mechanics principles in all areas of technology. The journal aspires to a broad and integrated coverage of the effects of dynamic loadings and of the modelling techniques whereby the structural response to these loadings may be computed. The scope of Engineering Structures encompasses, but is not restricted to, the following areas: infrastructure engineering; earthquake engineering; structure-fluid-soil interaction; wind engineering; fire engineering; blast engineering; structural reliability/stability; life assessment/integrity; structural health monitoring; multi-hazard engineering; structural dynamics; optimization; expert systems; experimental modelling; performance-based design; multiscale analysis; value engineering. Topics of interest include: tall buildings; innovative structures; environmentally responsive structures; bridges; stadiums; commercial and public buildings; transmission towers; television and telecommunication masts; foldable structures; cooling towers; plates and shells; suspension structures; protective structures; smart structures; nuclear reactors; dams; pressure vessels; pipelines; tunnels. Engineering Structures also publishes review articles, short communications and discussions, book reviews, and a diary on international events related to any aspect of structural engineering.