中国古代建筑彩绘中传统地面层粘接剂油曼的改性研究

IF 8 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Construction and Building Materials Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.143831

Wenjie Zhang , Xiangna Han , Hong Guo , Zhenwei Cao

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引用次数: 0

摘要

油曼是中国古代建筑彩绘中的一种传统粘合剂，由桐油、面粉和石灰水混合而成。但优满有明显的缺点，干燥时间长，耐老化性差，会导致建筑彩绘中颜料层开裂剥落，从而影响彩绘文物的使用寿命。本研究旨在通过添加甲苯二异氰酸酯（TDI）、二氧化硅、膨润土等多种功能改性材料，获得干燥时间更短、耐寒性更好的改性油满。从干燥时间、硬度、附着力、疏水性、热膨胀系数、湿膨胀系数、吸湿性、抗老化性等方面对三组改性油满进行评价。综合性能评价表明，改性油曼2号组（MYM-2，由58.00 %油曼、2.00 % TDI和40.00 %二氧化硅组成）表现出最佳性能：与传统油曼相比，干燥时间缩短了75.00 %，热膨胀系数降低了48.69 %；膨胀系数降低51.79 %。经过100 d的加速老化实验，未观察到明显的结构损伤。MYM-2最初用于修复紫禁城古建筑上的彩绘，经过近两年的户外测试，它显示出令人鼓舞的结果。值得注意的是，本研究引入了一种结合热力学分析仪（TMA）和湿生成模块（MHG）的新方法来测试关键油曼和木制基材的热膨胀系数和湿膨胀系数，为评估改性油曼的耐受性提供了有价值的指导。

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Study on the modification of You-Man as the traditional adhesive material for the ground layer in polychrome painting of ancient chinese architecture

You-Man, a traditional adhesive material in polychrome painting of Ancient Chinese architectural, is made by mixing tung oil, flour, and lime water. However, You-man has notable shortcomings, including a long drying time and poor aging resistance, which can lead to cracking and peeling of the pigment layer in architectural polychrome painting, thereby affecting the lifespan of the painted cultural heritage. This study aims to obtain a modified You-Man with a shorter drying time and better weather resistance by adding various functional modification materials, such as toluene diisocyanate (TDI), silica, and bentonite. The modified You-Man from the three groups were evaluated for drying time, hardness, adhesion, hydrophobicity, thermal expansion coefficient, moisture expansion coefficient, moisture absorption, and aging resistance. Comprehensive performance evaluations revealed that group Modified You-Man 2 (MYM-2, is composed of 58.00 % You-Man, 2.00 % TDI, and 40.00 % silica), demonstrated the best performance: compared to traditional You-man, the drying time was reduced by 75.00 %, the thermal expansion coefficient decreased by 48.69 %; the moisture expansion coefficient decreased by 51.79 %. Furthermore, no significant structural damage was observed after 100 days of accelerated aging experiment. MYM-2 has been initially used for the restoration of the polychrome painting on ancient architecture in the Forbidden City, and after nearly two years of outdoor testing, it has shown promising results. Notably, this study introduces a novel approach combining thermomechanical analyzer (TMA) and module of humidity generation (MHG) to test the thermal and moisture expansion coefficients of key You-Man and wooden substrates, providing valuable guidance for assessing the weather resistance of the modified You-Man.

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来源期刊

Construction and Building Materials 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

13.80

自引率

21.60%

发文量

3632

审稿时长

82 days

期刊介绍： Construction and Building Materials offers an international platform for sharing innovative and original research and development in the realm of construction and building materials, along with their practical applications in new projects and repair practices. The journal publishes a diverse array of pioneering research and application papers, detailing laboratory investigations and, to a limited extent, numerical analyses or reports on full-scale projects. Multi-part papers are discouraged. Additionally, Construction and Building Materials features comprehensive case studies and insightful review articles that contribute to new insights in the field. Our focus is on papers related to construction materials, excluding those on structural engineering, geotechnics, and unbound highway layers. Covered materials and technologies encompass cement, concrete reinforcement, bricks and mortars, additives, corrosion technology, ceramics, timber, steel, polymers, glass fibers, recycled materials, bamboo, rammed earth, non-conventional building materials, bituminous materials, and applications in railway materials.