Polyphenol crosslinked carboxymethyl chitosan fibrous membrane for rapid hemostasis and infected wound healing

Developing advanced hemostatic materials that both facilitate more efficient haemostasis and anti-bacterial wound healing is essential for the treatment of severe trauma. Herein, we present a unique polyphenol crosslinked carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) fibrous membrane (CMC/TA-FM), which was synthesized by converting commercial chitosan fibrous membranes into CMC and crosslinking them with tannic acid. This design not only enhances hemostatic efficacy but also introduces strong antibacterial and antioxidant capabilities. CMC/TA-FM achieves rapid haemostasis with minimal blood loss in both rat and pig liver injury models, outperforming clinically used hemostatic materials such as CELOX and other CMC-based products. In infected wound models, CMC/TA-FM significantly reduces bacterial load and accelerates wound closure, with results comparable to or even better than antibiotic-loaded gelatin sponges. CMC/TA-FM represents a promising hemostatic material that combines rapid bleeding control with strong antibacterial properties and promotes effective healing of infected wounds, positioning it as a potential next-generation hemostatic wound dressing for emergency trauma and infected wound management.