Variation in cardiovascular risk marker profile in treated diabetes mellitus patients with different body composition.

Background: Despite treatment, patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) are at risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Obesity is a separate risk factor of insulin resistance and CVD. The adipokine adipsin links adiposity, insulin resistance and inflammation. Heart type fatty acid binding protein (FABP3) protects against metabolic syndrome. Previously, the link between adipsin and FABP3 with body composition in diabetes patients on treatment has not been addressed. Therefore, in the present study, we have compared the levels of FABP3, adipsin, and their association with inflammation and body composition in T2D patients with high and normal BMI based on the Asian criteria of obesity.

Materials and methods: Adipsin and FABP3 were estimated by ELISA. Body composition was digitally recorded in Department of Physiology. Comparison was done by one-way-ANOVA against healthy controls.

Results: Adipsin and TNF α were significantly increased, while FABP3 was decreased in high BMI T2D than healthy control. Normal BMI T2D had significant central obesity which explains their higher adipsin level.

Conclusion: T2D patients exhibit different CVD risk profile linked to different levels markers such as adipsin and FABP3. This is explained better by the difference in body fat distribution compared to BMI alone. The treatment should target improvement based on new markers and body composition.