疫霉菌×alni在地方尺度上的种群结构及其时间发展。

IF 3.1 2区 农林科学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES
Štěpán Pecka, Ondřej Koukol, Gabriela Šrámková, Daniel Zahradník, Simone Prospero, Petra Štochlová, Karel Černý
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引用次数: 0

摘要

桤木疫霉(Phytophthora alni)是桤木的一种侵袭性病原体,目前已鉴定出3种。最常见和致病的物种是P. ×alni。它具有可变的种内结构,以Pxa-1基因型为主,并存在数十种罕见的基因型(在大多数情况下源于Pxa-1)。当地人口变化很大,其人口结构和发展仍然未知。我们比较了伏尔塔瓦河流域(捷克共和国)流行期间(2005-2010年)和流行后(2020-2024年)阶段从同一地点分离的两组菌株,并使用微卫星标记分析和适应度测试(孢子囊的产生、生长和毒力)对它们进行了研究。我们获得了151株P. ×alni, 23个多位点基因型。我们发现,在流行后阶段,遗传多样性下降,Pxa-1基因型的优势度和发病率增加。在同一位点只重复分离优势基因型(Pxa-1),而替换稀有基因型。在流行后阶段,罕见基因型的发生率和它们从Pxa-1衍生的程度都下降了。稀有基因型的适应度低于Pxa-1(变异越多,适应度越差)。这些结果使我们能够假设欧洲当地P. ×alni种群的进化,因为致病性最强的基因型Pxa-1也将在疾病的后期流行,并且对幸存宿主种群进一步损害的风险将持续存在。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Population Structure of Phytophthora ×alni on a Local Scale and Its Temporal Development.

Within Phytophthora alni, an invasive pathogen of alders (Alnus spp.), three species have been identified. The most frequent and pathogenic species is P. ×alni. It has a variable intraspecific structure, with the dominance of the Pxa-1 genotype and the presence of dozens of rare genotypes (in most cases derived from Pxa-1). Its local populations are highly variable, and their population structure and development remain unknown. We compared two sets of strains isolated from identical sites during the epidemic (2005-2010) and post-epidemic (2020-2024) phases of the disease in the Vltava River basin (Czech Republic) and studied them using microsatellite marker analysis and fitness tests (sporangia production, growth, and virulence). We acquired 151 P. ×alni isolates of 23 multilocus genotypes. We found that during the post-epidemic phase, genetic diversity decreased, and the dominance and incidence of the Pxa-1 genotype increased. Only the dominant genotype (Pxa-1) was repeatedly isolated from the same sites, whereas the rare genotypes were replaced. During the post-epidemic phase, both the incidence of rare genotypes and the degree of their derivation from Pxa-1 decreased. The rare genotypes had lower fitness than Pxa-1 (the more changes there were, the worse the fitness was). These results allow us to hypothesize the evolution of local populations of P. ×alni in Europe, as the most pathogenic genotype, Pxa-1, will also prevail during the late phases of the disease and the risk of further damage to the surviving host populations will persist.

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来源期刊
Phytopathology
Phytopathology 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
5.90
自引率
9.40%
发文量
505
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Phytopathology publishes articles on fundamental research that advances understanding of the nature of plant diseases, the agents that cause them, their spread, the losses they cause, and measures that can be used to control them. Phytopathology considers manuscripts covering all aspects of plant diseases including bacteriology, host-parasite biochemistry and cell biology, biological control, disease control and pest management, description of new pathogen species description of new pathogen species, ecology and population biology, epidemiology, disease etiology, host genetics and resistance, mycology, nematology, plant stress and abiotic disorders, postharvest pathology and mycotoxins, and virology. Papers dealing mainly with taxonomy, such as descriptions of new plant pathogen taxa are acceptable if they include plant disease research results such as pathogenicity, host range, etc. Taxonomic papers that focus on classification, identification, and nomenclature below the subspecies level may also be submitted to Phytopathology.
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