多相饮食干预对代谢健康和不健康肥胖受试者代谢特征和肠道微生物群组成的影响

IF 7.4 2区医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Clinical nutrition Pub Date : 2025-09-23 DOI:10.1016/j.clnu.2025.09.010

N. Bosch-Sierra , B. Navajas-Porras , C. Grau-del Valle , C. Salom , S. Pérez-Burillo , G. D'Auria , M.P. Francino , C. Morillas , C. Bañuls

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景和目的：肠道微生物群通过影响代谢和炎症影响肥胖及其合并症。肥胖个体的代谢表型改变了微生物群组成和代谢物的产生，影响了代谢风险。本研究考察了多相饮食干预对伴有和不伴有代谢综合征（MetS）的肥胖个体的代谢、炎症和肠道微生物群多样性的影响。方法：目前的干入性研究描述了109名参与者（64%为女性）在6个月的多阶段饮食干预（包括两个为期6周的极低热量饮食阶段，中间间隔3个月的低热量饮食）后，两种肥胖表型（有无MetS）之间粪便微生物组成和血清代谢物特征的差异。结果：我们发现减肥改善了肠道微生物群的多样性和组成，并且对met患者更有效。此外，只有MetS组在血清醋酸盐水平和三甲胺水平上有显著改善。此外，肠道微生物群与临床参数（包括胰岛素抵抗、血压和内脏脂肪）之间存在很强的相关性。结论：这些结果表明，肥胖人群根据其代谢表型对相同的饮食干预有不同的反应，这种差异体现在肠道微生物群参数上。此外，多相饮食干预对微生物群血清代谢物和微生物群组成的积极影响在患有MetS的肥胖个体中更为明显。

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Effect of a multiphase dietary intervention on metabolic profile and gut microbiota composition in metabolically healthy and unhealthy obese subjects

Background and aims

Gut microbiota influences obesity and its comorbidities by affecting metabolism and inflammation. The metabolic phenotype of obese individuals alters microbiota composition and metabolite production, impacting metabolic risk. This study examined the effects of a multiphase dietary intervention on metabolism, inflammation, and gut microbiota diversity in obese individuals with and without metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Methods

The current interventional study describes differences in faecal microbial composition and serum metabolite signatures between two obese phenotypes (with versus without MetS) after a 6-month multiphase dietary intervention (consisting of two six-week phases of very-low calorie diet, separated by a 3-month hypocaloric diet) in 109 participants (64 % women).

Results

We found that weight loss improved gut microbiota diversity and composition, and was more effective in participants with MetS. Furthermore, only the MetS group showed a significant improvement in serum levels of acetate and a decrease for trimethylamine. In addition, strong correlations were observed between gut microbiota and clinical parameters, including insulin resistance, blood pressure, and visceral fat.

Conclusions

These results demonstrate that populations with obesity can respond differently to the same dietary intervention according to their metabolic phenotype, a difference manifested in gut microbiota parameters. Furthermore, the positive impact of multiphase dietary intervention on microbiota serum metabolites and microbiota composition is more pronounced in obese individuals with MetS.

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来源期刊

Clinical nutrition 医学-营养学

CiteScore

14.10

自引率

6.30%

发文量

356

审稿时长

28 days

期刊介绍： Clinical Nutrition, the official journal of ESPEN, The European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, is an international journal providing essential scientific information on nutritional and metabolic care and the relationship between nutrition and disease both in the setting of basic science and clinical practice. Published bi-monthly, each issue combines original articles and reviews providing an invaluable reference for any specialist concerned with these fields.