Correlation between perceived air pollution and myopia: an exploration of the mediating effects of healthy lifestyle factors.

Objective: To explore the relationship between air pollution and myopia in Chinese adult population, as well as the mechanism of physical exercise, sedentary behavior and sleep quality in the association between them, so as to provide a basis for formulating comprehensive myopia prevention and control policies.

Methods: The data of 2,717 participants from CGSS 2021 were Analyzed. This database used subjective assessment methods to evaluate the perceived air pollution level, myopia prevalence, frequency of physical exercise, sedentary time And sleep quality. Based on SPSS 21.0 software, independent samples t-test, binary logistic regression analysis, and the three-step method for mediating effect test were applied to conduct data statistics and analysis.

Results: The average age of the subjects was (52.04 ± 17.64) years old, And the proportion of females was 54.8%. After controlling for relevant variables, there was a significant positive correlation between perceived air pollution and myopia (OR = 1.132, 95%CI = 1.003 ~ 1.278, P < 0.05); there was still a significant positive correlation between sedentary time and myopia (OR = 1.032, 95%CI = 1.005 ~ 1.060, P < 0.05); there was still a significant negative correlation between sleep quality and myopia (OR = 0.798, 95%CI = 0.707 ~ 0.901, P < 0.01); while the correlation between frequency of physical exercise and myopia was not significant (OR = 1.029, 95%CI = 0.967 ~ 1.094, P > 0.05). In addition, sleep quality plays a mediating role in the correlation between perceived air pollution and myopia (P < 0.01), with the mediating effect accounting for 12.06%, while the mediating effects of physical exercise and sedentary behavior are not significant (P > 0.05).

Conclusion: There is a significant positive correlation between perceived air pollution and myopia, and sleep quality plays a mediating role in the above correlation.