Yoon Ji Lee, Myung Joon Kim, Ji Seong Kim, Seok Nam Kwak, Sang Heon Lee
{"title":"基于骨胶原稳定同位素分析的韩国已灭绝朝鲜海狮的生态学认识。","authors":"Yoon Ji Lee, Myung Joon Kim, Ji Seong Kim, Seok Nam Kwak, Sang Heon Lee","doi":"10.1002/rcm.10140","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Rationale</h3>\n \n <p>The Japanese sea lion (<i>Zalophus japonicus</i>), once abundant in Japan, Korea, and Russia, went extinct by the mid-20th century due to hunting and environmental change. This study examines the diet and ecological role of Korean <i>Z. japonicus</i> using stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis of bone collagen from archaeological and historical contexts.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Methods</h3>\n \n <p>Skeletal remains of the extinct Korean sea lion (<i>Z. japonicus</i>) were excavated from Gajae-gull, Ulleungdo, in 2021. A rib bone was analyzed for radiocarbon dating using AMS and calibrated with the Marine20 curve, applying a ΔR correction. Stable isotope analysis of extracted bone collagen (δ<sup>13</sup>C, δ<sup>15</sup>N) was performed via EA-IRMS. Isotopic niches of <i>Z. japonicus</i> and modern marine mammals were compared using SIBER in R, with ANOVA and post hoc tests.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>Radiocarbon dating of a rib from Gajae-gull, Ulleungdo, indicated burial between 1548 and 1952 cal <span>ad</span>, representing the most recent evidence of <i>Z. japonicus</i> in Korea. Stable isotope analysis revealed dietary shifts from high δ<sup>15</sup>N values in the Chulmun periods, indicating consumption of large fish and cephalopods, to lower δ<sup>15</sup>N and higher δ<sup>13</sup>C values in the Mumun and historic periods, indicating reliance on coastal mid-trophic prey. Comparisons with modern marine mammals showed clear isotopic niche partitioning.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\n \n <p>These findings underscore the dietary flexibility of Korean <i>Z. japonicus</i> and its shifting ecological role in response to changing prey availability and environmental conditions. Future research incorporating additional samples and diverse isotopic markers will enhance paleoecological reconstructions of this extinct species and its historical marine ecosystems.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":225,"journal":{"name":"Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry","volume":"39 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/rcm.10140","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Ecological Insights Into the Extinct Korean Sea Lion (Zalophus japonicus) in Korea Based on Stable Isotope Analysis of Bone Collagen\",\"authors\":\"Yoon Ji Lee, Myung Joon Kim, Ji Seong Kim, Seok Nam Kwak, Sang Heon Lee\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/rcm.10140\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n \\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Rationale</h3>\\n \\n <p>The Japanese sea lion (<i>Zalophus japonicus</i>), once abundant in Japan, Korea, and Russia, went extinct by the mid-20th century due to hunting and environmental change. This study examines the diet and ecological role of Korean <i>Z. japonicus</i> using stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis of bone collagen from archaeological and historical contexts.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Methods</h3>\\n \\n <p>Skeletal remains of the extinct Korean sea lion (<i>Z. japonicus</i>) were excavated from Gajae-gull, Ulleungdo, in 2021. A rib bone was analyzed for radiocarbon dating using AMS and calibrated with the Marine20 curve, applying a ΔR correction. Stable isotope analysis of extracted bone collagen (δ<sup>13</sup>C, δ<sup>15</sup>N) was performed via EA-IRMS. Isotopic niches of <i>Z. japonicus</i> and modern marine mammals were compared using SIBER in R, with ANOVA and post hoc tests.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Results</h3>\\n \\n <p>Radiocarbon dating of a rib from Gajae-gull, Ulleungdo, indicated burial between 1548 and 1952 cal <span>ad</span>, representing the most recent evidence of <i>Z. japonicus</i> in Korea. Stable isotope analysis revealed dietary shifts from high δ<sup>15</sup>N values in the Chulmun periods, indicating consumption of large fish and cephalopods, to lower δ<sup>15</sup>N and higher δ<sup>13</sup>C values in the Mumun and historic periods, indicating reliance on coastal mid-trophic prey. Comparisons with modern marine mammals showed clear isotopic niche partitioning.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\\n \\n <p>These findings underscore the dietary flexibility of Korean <i>Z. japonicus</i> and its shifting ecological role in response to changing prey availability and environmental conditions. Future research incorporating additional samples and diverse isotopic markers will enhance paleoecological reconstructions of this extinct species and its historical marine ecosystems.</p>\\n </section>\\n </div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":225,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry\",\"volume\":\"39 24\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-10-02\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/rcm.10140\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"92\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/rcm.10140\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"化学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/rcm.10140","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Ecological Insights Into the Extinct Korean Sea Lion (Zalophus japonicus) in Korea Based on Stable Isotope Analysis of Bone Collagen
Rationale
The Japanese sea lion (Zalophus japonicus), once abundant in Japan, Korea, and Russia, went extinct by the mid-20th century due to hunting and environmental change. This study examines the diet and ecological role of Korean Z. japonicus using stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis of bone collagen from archaeological and historical contexts.
Methods
Skeletal remains of the extinct Korean sea lion (Z. japonicus) were excavated from Gajae-gull, Ulleungdo, in 2021. A rib bone was analyzed for radiocarbon dating using AMS and calibrated with the Marine20 curve, applying a ΔR correction. Stable isotope analysis of extracted bone collagen (δ13C, δ15N) was performed via EA-IRMS. Isotopic niches of Z. japonicus and modern marine mammals were compared using SIBER in R, with ANOVA and post hoc tests.
Results
Radiocarbon dating of a rib from Gajae-gull, Ulleungdo, indicated burial between 1548 and 1952 cal ad, representing the most recent evidence of Z. japonicus in Korea. Stable isotope analysis revealed dietary shifts from high δ15N values in the Chulmun periods, indicating consumption of large fish and cephalopods, to lower δ15N and higher δ13C values in the Mumun and historic periods, indicating reliance on coastal mid-trophic prey. Comparisons with modern marine mammals showed clear isotopic niche partitioning.
Conclusions
These findings underscore the dietary flexibility of Korean Z. japonicus and its shifting ecological role in response to changing prey availability and environmental conditions. Future research incorporating additional samples and diverse isotopic markers will enhance paleoecological reconstructions of this extinct species and its historical marine ecosystems.
期刊介绍：
Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry is a journal whose aim is the rapid publication of original research results and ideas on all aspects of the science of gas-phase ions; it covers all the associated scientific disciplines. There is no formal limit on paper length ("rapid" is not synonymous with "brief"), but papers should be of a length that is commensurate with the importance and complexity of the results being reported. Contributions may be theoretical or practical in nature; they may deal with methods, techniques and applications, or with the interpretation of results; they may cover any area in science that depends directly on measurements made upon gaseous ions or that is associated with such measurements.
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