Jihong Jiang, Yi Wu, Xiaoyu Shang, Meiru Jiang, Liping Zhu, Dongmei Hong, Enduo Feng, Guanghui An
{"title":"表面增强拉曼光谱用于术后患者全血样本中异丙酚的检测","authors":"Jihong Jiang, Yi Wu, Xiaoyu Shang, Meiru Jiang, Liping Zhu, Dongmei Hong, Enduo Feng, Guanghui An","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138877","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Propofol remains the first sedative choice due to its rapid onset and short distribution half-life. However, the narrow therapeutic window and pronounced inter-individual pharmacokinetic variability pose challenges in achieving appropriate sedation levels in diverse patients, calling for rapid and accurate quantification of propofol for its clinical safety. In this work, a sensitive and rapid surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) platform based on vertically aligned Au nanorods array with enhancement factor >10<sup>7</sup> was fabricated for directly propofol detection in unprocessed postoperative blood samples. Achieving by rapid and selective derivatization of propofol with 2,6-dichloroquinone-4-chloroimide (DCQ) in alkaline conditions, the SERS platform presented excellent selectivity resulted by a strong 1278<!-- --> <!-- -->cm<sup>-1</sup> peak of indophenol. This assay displayed a linear response from 1<!-- --> <!-- -->ng<!-- --> <!-- -->mL<sup>-1</sup> to 20<!-- --> <!-- -->µg<!-- --> <!-- -->mL<sup>-1</sup> with a limit of detection of 0.38<!-- --> <!-- -->ng<!-- --> <!-- -->mL<sup>-1</sup> in 2<!-- --> <!-- -->min for each sample. Both the artificial simulated serum and clinical postoperative blood samples testing demonstrated excellent quantification performance of as-prepared SERS platform. Significantly, Comparative analysis with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) showed a Deming slope of 0.95, confirming analytical interchangeability. Moreover, A subsequent cohort of 32 patients demonstrated a robust inverse correlation between SERS-derived propofol levels and Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale scores (Spearman ρ=-0.80, p<0.0001), a single threshold of 1.17<!-- --> <!-- -->µg<!-- --> <!-- -->mL<sup>-1</sup> predicted moderate sedation to deep sedation with 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity. This work furnishes the first clinically validated, reagent less-cleanup SERS assay for intravenous anesthetic monitoring, offering a generic blueprint for real-time therapeutic-drug management in critical care.","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"115 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy for Propofol Detection in Postoperative Patient Whole Blood Samples\",\"authors\":\"Jihong Jiang, Yi Wu, Xiaoyu Shang, Meiru Jiang, Liping Zhu, Dongmei Hong, Enduo Feng, Guanghui An\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138877\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Propofol remains the first sedative choice due to its rapid onset and short distribution half-life. However, the narrow therapeutic window and pronounced inter-individual pharmacokinetic variability pose challenges in achieving appropriate sedation levels in diverse patients, calling for rapid and accurate quantification of propofol for its clinical safety. In this work, a sensitive and rapid surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) platform based on vertically aligned Au nanorods array with enhancement factor >10<sup>7</sup> was fabricated for directly propofol detection in unprocessed postoperative blood samples. Achieving by rapid and selective derivatization of propofol with 2,6-dichloroquinone-4-chloroimide (DCQ) in alkaline conditions, the SERS platform presented excellent selectivity resulted by a strong 1278<!-- --> <!-- -->cm<sup>-1</sup> peak of indophenol. This assay displayed a linear response from 1<!-- --> <!-- -->ng<!-- --> <!-- -->mL<sup>-1</sup> to 20<!-- --> <!-- -->µg<!-- --> <!-- -->mL<sup>-1</sup> with a limit of detection of 0.38<!-- --> <!-- -->ng<!-- --> <!-- -->mL<sup>-1</sup> in 2<!-- --> <!-- -->min for each sample. Both the artificial simulated serum and clinical postoperative blood samples testing demonstrated excellent quantification performance of as-prepared SERS platform. Significantly, Comparative analysis with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) showed a Deming slope of 0.95, confirming analytical interchangeability. Moreover, A subsequent cohort of 32 patients demonstrated a robust inverse correlation between SERS-derived propofol levels and Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale scores (Spearman ρ=-0.80, p<0.0001), a single threshold of 1.17<!-- --> <!-- -->µg<!-- --> <!-- -->mL<sup>-1</sup> predicted moderate sedation to deep sedation with 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity. This work furnishes the first clinically validated, reagent less-cleanup SERS assay for intravenous anesthetic monitoring, offering a generic blueprint for real-time therapeutic-drug management in critical care.\",\"PeriodicalId\":425,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical\",\"volume\":\"115 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-10-02\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"92\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2025.138877\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"化学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2025.138877","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
异丙酚由于起效快、分布半衰期短,仍然是首选的镇静剂。然而,狭窄的治疗窗口和明显的个体间药代动力学变异性给不同患者实现适当的镇静水平带来了挑战,需要快速准确地定量丙泊酚以确保其临床安全性。在这项工作中,基于垂直排列的增强因子为>;107的金纳米棒阵列,制作了一个灵敏、快速的表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)平台,用于直接检测未经处理的术后血液样本中的异丙酚。在碱性条件下,2,6-二氯醌-4-氯酰亚胺(DCQ)对异丙酚进行了快速选择性衍生化反应,SERS平台具有很强的选择性,吲哚酚的峰值为1278 cm-1。该分析显示从1 ng mL-1到20µg mL-1的线性响应,每个样品在2 min内的检测限为0.38 ng mL-1。人工模拟血清和临床术后血液样本检测均证明了制备的SERS平台具有良好的定量性能。值得注意的是,高效液相色谱(HPLC)对比分析显示戴明斜率为0.95,证实了分析的互换性。此外,32名患者的后续队列显示,sers衍生的异丙酚水平与Richmond激动镇静量表评分之间存在显著的负相关(Spearman ρ=-0.80, p<0.0001), 1.17µg mL-1的单一阈值预测中度镇静至深度镇静具有100%的敏感性和100%的特异性。这项工作为静脉麻醉监测提供了第一个临床验证的、试剂清洁较少的SERS分析,为重症监护的实时治疗药物管理提供了通用蓝图。
Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy for Propofol Detection in Postoperative Patient Whole Blood Samples
Propofol remains the first sedative choice due to its rapid onset and short distribution half-life. However, the narrow therapeutic window and pronounced inter-individual pharmacokinetic variability pose challenges in achieving appropriate sedation levels in diverse patients, calling for rapid and accurate quantification of propofol for its clinical safety. In this work, a sensitive and rapid surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) platform based on vertically aligned Au nanorods array with enhancement factor >107 was fabricated for directly propofol detection in unprocessed postoperative blood samples. Achieving by rapid and selective derivatization of propofol with 2,6-dichloroquinone-4-chloroimide (DCQ) in alkaline conditions, the SERS platform presented excellent selectivity resulted by a strong 1278 cm-1 peak of indophenol. This assay displayed a linear response from 1 ng mL-1 to 20 µg mL-1 with a limit of detection of 0.38 ng mL-1 in 2 min for each sample. Both the artificial simulated serum and clinical postoperative blood samples testing demonstrated excellent quantification performance of as-prepared SERS platform. Significantly, Comparative analysis with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) showed a Deming slope of 0.95, confirming analytical interchangeability. Moreover, A subsequent cohort of 32 patients demonstrated a robust inverse correlation between SERS-derived propofol levels and Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale scores (Spearman ρ=-0.80, p<0.0001), a single threshold of 1.17 µg mL-1 predicted moderate sedation to deep sedation with 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity. This work furnishes the first clinically validated, reagent less-cleanup SERS assay for intravenous anesthetic monitoring, offering a generic blueprint for real-time therapeutic-drug management in critical care.
期刊介绍:
Sensors & Actuators, B: Chemical is an international journal focused on the research and development of chemical transducers. It covers chemical sensors and biosensors, chemical actuators, and analytical microsystems. The journal is interdisciplinary, aiming to publish original works showcasing substantial advancements beyond the current state of the art in these fields, with practical applicability to solving meaningful analytical problems. Review articles are accepted by invitation from an Editor of the journal.