Timo Meus, Julie Van Eetvelde, Iris Meuwissen, Mira Meeus, Daniel Boullosa, Annick Timmermans, Jonas Verbrugghe
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Non-experimental study designs and studies focusing exclusively on acute exercise effects were excluded. Two independent reviewers performed data extraction and assessed the risk of bias using the Cochrane RoB-2 and ROBINS-I tools. The CERT was used for reporting, and effect sizes for exercise interventions were calculated. Certainty of evidence was assessed using the GRADE framework.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five randomized and five non-randomized controlled trials were included, involving 277 persons with CMP. There was considerable variability in HRV measurement protocols. The exercise interventions, which included resistance, aerobic, and multi-component training, lasted four to 24 weeks. Significant within-group improvements were found in several HRV measures, especially in linear analyses linked to vagal modulation at rest.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While evidence suggests the positive influence of exercise on autonomic function in CMP, as indicated by HRV changes, the limited number of high-quality studies warrants cautious interpretation. To better understand the impact of different exercise modalities on HRV and address existing data gaps, future research should implement strict protocols for HRV measurements and consistently adhere to established reporting criteria for exercise interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":21788,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine - Open","volume":"11 1","pages":"109"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Exercise and Heart Rate Variability in Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: A Systematic Review.\",\"authors\":\"Timo Meus, Julie Van Eetvelde, Iris Meuwissen, Mira Meeus, Daniel Boullosa, Annick Timmermans, Jonas Verbrugghe\",\"doi\":\"10.1186/s40798-025-00916-8\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) is a prevalent condition associated with significant disability. 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Certainty of evidence was assessed using the GRADE framework.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five randomized and five non-randomized controlled trials were included, involving 277 persons with CMP. There was considerable variability in HRV measurement protocols. The exercise interventions, which included resistance, aerobic, and multi-component training, lasted four to 24 weeks. Significant within-group improvements were found in several HRV measures, especially in linear analyses linked to vagal modulation at rest.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While evidence suggests the positive influence of exercise on autonomic function in CMP, as indicated by HRV changes, the limited number of high-quality studies warrants cautious interpretation. To better understand the impact of different exercise modalities on HRV and address existing data gaps, future research should implement strict protocols for HRV measurements and consistently adhere to established reporting criteria for exercise interventions.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":21788,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Sports Medicine - Open\",\"volume\":\"11 1\",\"pages\":\"109\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":5.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-10-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Sports Medicine - Open\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-025-00916-8\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"SPORT SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Sports Medicine - Open","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-025-00916-8","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"SPORT SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
背景:慢性肌肉骨骼疼痛(CMP)是一种与重大残疾相关的普遍疾病。新出现的证据表明,由心率变异性(HRV)反映的自主神经功能障碍可能在CMP的病理生理中发挥作用,并可能对运动干预有反应。本系统综述旨在评估运动对CMP患者HRV的影响。方法:全面检索PubMed、Web of Science和Cochrane数据库,从数据库建立到2024年6月15日。符合条件的研究包括对18 - 65岁CMP患者进行≥4周的运动干预,并在干预前后评估HRV。非实验研究设计和专门关注急性运动影响的研究被排除在外。两名独立审稿人进行数据提取,并使用Cochrane rob2和ROBINS-I工具评估偏倚风险。CERT用于报告,并计算运动干预的效应量。使用GRADE框架评估证据的确定性。结果:纳入5项随机对照试验和5项非随机对照试验,共纳入277例CMP患者。HRV测量方案有相当大的可变性。运动干预包括抗阻、有氧和多组分训练,持续4至24周。在几个HRV测量中发现了显著的组内改善,特别是在与静息时迷走神经调节相关的线性分析中。结论:虽然有证据表明运动对CMP的自主神经功能有积极影响,如HRV变化所示,但数量有限的高质量研究值得谨慎解释。为了更好地了解不同运动方式对HRV的影响,解决现有的数据差距,未来的研究应该实施严格的HRV测量方案,并始终坚持既定的运动干预报告标准。
Exercise and Heart Rate Variability in Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: A Systematic Review.
Background: Chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) is a prevalent condition associated with significant disability. Emerging evidence suggests that autonomic dysfunction, reflected by heart rate variability (HRV), may play a role in the pathophysiology of CMP and could be responsive to exercise interventions. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effects of exercise on HRV in persons with CMP.
Methods: A comprehensive search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases from database inception until June 15, 2024. Eligible studies included those examining exercise interventions of ≥ four weeks in adults aged 18 to 65 with CMP, where HRV was assessed both before and after the intervention. Non-experimental study designs and studies focusing exclusively on acute exercise effects were excluded. Two independent reviewers performed data extraction and assessed the risk of bias using the Cochrane RoB-2 and ROBINS-I tools. The CERT was used for reporting, and effect sizes for exercise interventions were calculated. Certainty of evidence was assessed using the GRADE framework.
Results: Five randomized and five non-randomized controlled trials were included, involving 277 persons with CMP. There was considerable variability in HRV measurement protocols. The exercise interventions, which included resistance, aerobic, and multi-component training, lasted four to 24 weeks. Significant within-group improvements were found in several HRV measures, especially in linear analyses linked to vagal modulation at rest.
Conclusions: While evidence suggests the positive influence of exercise on autonomic function in CMP, as indicated by HRV changes, the limited number of high-quality studies warrants cautious interpretation. To better understand the impact of different exercise modalities on HRV and address existing data gaps, future research should implement strict protocols for HRV measurements and consistently adhere to established reporting criteria for exercise interventions.