The association of peripheral blood inflammatory markers with the distribution patterns of IgE in children with allergen sensitization.

Objective: The present study aimed to explore the distribution patterns of IgE characteristics and peripheral blood inflammatory markers in pediatric patients with allergic reactions.

Methods: Patients' data were collected, including age, gender, and peripheral blood parameters, including white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils (NEU), lymphocytes (LYM), monocytes (MON), eosinophils (EOS), red blood cells (RBC), and platelets (PLT). Serum total Immunoglobulin E (tIgE) assays were performed using a fully automated specific protein analysis system, and specific Immunoglobulin E (sIgE) was detected through the AllergyScreen assay. The clinical data of these patients were retrospectively analyzed.

Results: A total of 405 samples were included in the study, including 335 patients and 70 normal controls. Our study reveals that aeroallergens are the main cause of allergic reactions in children, and 26.3% of sensitized pediatric subjects exhibit atypical immunological profiles characterized by non-elevated tIgE expressions and low sIgE sensitization. Notably, the Eosinophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (ELR) demonstrates significant predictive value for IgE pattern and exhibits a positive correlation (p < 0.001) with tIgE sensitization intensity.

Conclusion: These findings position ELR as a promising peripheral blood inflammatory biomarker for assessing the risk of anaphylaxis in pediatric patients with both tIgE and sIgE elevation.