Safety Evaluation of the RibXcar Technique Using the Piezotome: An Analysis of Surgical Complications.

Background: This study analyzed the incidence of minor and major complications associated with rib remodeling performed by punctures (RibXcar surgical technique), specifically using the piezotome instrument. Variables such as learning method, practice time, use of ultrasound support, and type of instrument used were evaluated to determine their relationship with the occurrence of major complications such as pneumothorax and hemothorax.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of data obtained from a survey distributed to 113 plastic surgeons using rib remodeling performed by punctures was conducted. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the sample, and chi-square tests were used to analyze the association between variables and complications. In addition, a logistic regression model was applied to adjust for multiple variables.

Results: Of 113 respondents, 2.65% of respondents reported serious complications, such as pneumothorax or hemothorax. No statistically significant association was found between the use of piezotome and a lower incidence of these serious complications (P = 1.0). Logistic regression analysis also indicated no significant difference in the risk of complications depending on the instrument used.

Conclusions: The rib remodeling performed by punctures appears to be well adopted and safe according to the surgeons who practice it, with a high acceptance rate of use of ultrasound and piezotome and a low rate of serious complications.