Xiaoyu Yu, Yuan Li, Yu Xie, Mengning Bi, Hairui Li, Andrea Roccuzzo, Maurizio S Tonetti
{"title":"有和没有悬臂延伸的种植体支持冠的出现角度和轮廓：磨牙位置的数字研究。","authors":"Xiaoyu Yu, Yuan Li, Yu Xie, Mengning Bi, Hairui Li, Andrea Roccuzzo, Maurizio S Tonetti","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2025.106135","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare the emergence angle between cantilever and non-cantilever digital designs for implant-supported crowns at molar sites, offering digital analysis insights for evaluating restoration strategy selection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred patients missing the first molar underwent intraoral scanning and CBCT imaging. Data were imported into digital platforms for prosthetic-driven planning and virtual design of implants, abutments and crowns. Two designs (cantilever and non-cantilever) were created for each patient. Emergence angles were measured using both 2D and 3D software. Simple and multiple linear regression models were employed to analyze associations between emergence angles and clinically relevant parameters (crown height and edentulous space).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mesiodistal width of first molar edentulous spaces averaged 10.5±0.8mm (range: 9.0-12.5mm). For cantilever restorations, 2D angles measured 23.0±4.5° (mesial) and 22.4±4.6° (distal). Non-cantilever restorations exhibited greater angles, with 2D measurements of 29.1±5.6°(mesial) and 30.4±6.3°(distal) (p < 0.001). When categorizing edentulous spaces into three ranges (9.0-9.9 mm, 10.0-10.9 mm, and 11.0-12.5 mm), mesio-distal emergence angles exceeding 30° occurred in 1.6%, 2.3%, and 10.0% of cantilever designs respectively, compared to 25.8%, 54.6%, and 58.0% in non-cantilever designs (p < 0.001). Cantilever designs consistently produced smaller emergence angles across all edentulous space dimensions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cantilever implant restorations demonstrated smaller emergence angles than non-cantilever designs, suggesting potential advantages for peri-implant health maintenance. These findings provide geometric evidence that may support cantilever designs for first molar replacements when anatomically feasible, though long-term clinical validation remains needed.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>The proposed digital emergence angle analysis represents a useful diagnostic method to optimize prosthetic design on use of implant-supported crowns with cantilever extension.</p>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"106135"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Emergence angle and profile at implant-supported crowns with and without cantilever extension: A digital study in molar sites.\",\"authors\":\"Xiaoyu Yu, Yuan Li, Yu Xie, Mengning Bi, Hairui Li, Andrea Roccuzzo, Maurizio S Tonetti\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.jdent.2025.106135\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare the emergence angle between cantilever and non-cantilever digital designs for implant-supported crowns at molar sites, offering digital analysis insights for evaluating restoration strategy selection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred patients missing the first molar underwent intraoral scanning and CBCT imaging. Data were imported into digital platforms for prosthetic-driven planning and virtual design of implants, abutments and crowns. Two designs (cantilever and non-cantilever) were created for each patient. Emergence angles were measured using both 2D and 3D software. Simple and multiple linear regression models were employed to analyze associations between emergence angles and clinically relevant parameters (crown height and edentulous space).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mesiodistal width of first molar edentulous spaces averaged 10.5±0.8mm (range: 9.0-12.5mm). For cantilever restorations, 2D angles measured 23.0±4.5° (mesial) and 22.4±4.6° (distal). Non-cantilever restorations exhibited greater angles, with 2D measurements of 29.1±5.6°(mesial) and 30.4±6.3°(distal) (p < 0.001). When categorizing edentulous spaces into three ranges (9.0-9.9 mm, 10.0-10.9 mm, and 11.0-12.5 mm), mesio-distal emergence angles exceeding 30° occurred in 1.6%, 2.3%, and 10.0% of cantilever designs respectively, compared to 25.8%, 54.6%, and 58.0% in non-cantilever designs (p < 0.001). Cantilever designs consistently produced smaller emergence angles across all edentulous space dimensions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cantilever implant restorations demonstrated smaller emergence angles than non-cantilever designs, suggesting potential advantages for peri-implant health maintenance. These findings provide geometric evidence that may support cantilever designs for first molar replacements when anatomically feasible, though long-term clinical validation remains needed.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>The proposed digital emergence angle analysis represents a useful diagnostic method to optimize prosthetic design on use of implant-supported crowns with cantilever extension.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":15585,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of dentistry\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"106135\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":5.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-09-26\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of dentistry\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2025.106135\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of dentistry","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2025.106135","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE","Score":null,"Total":0}
Emergence angle and profile at implant-supported crowns with and without cantilever extension: A digital study in molar sites.
Objectives: To compare the emergence angle between cantilever and non-cantilever digital designs for implant-supported crowns at molar sites, offering digital analysis insights for evaluating restoration strategy selection.
Methods: One hundred patients missing the first molar underwent intraoral scanning and CBCT imaging. Data were imported into digital platforms for prosthetic-driven planning and virtual design of implants, abutments and crowns. Two designs (cantilever and non-cantilever) were created for each patient. Emergence angles were measured using both 2D and 3D software. Simple and multiple linear regression models were employed to analyze associations between emergence angles and clinically relevant parameters (crown height and edentulous space).
Results: The mesiodistal width of first molar edentulous spaces averaged 10.5±0.8mm (range: 9.0-12.5mm). For cantilever restorations, 2D angles measured 23.0±4.5° (mesial) and 22.4±4.6° (distal). Non-cantilever restorations exhibited greater angles, with 2D measurements of 29.1±5.6°(mesial) and 30.4±6.3°(distal) (p < 0.001). When categorizing edentulous spaces into three ranges (9.0-9.9 mm, 10.0-10.9 mm, and 11.0-12.5 mm), mesio-distal emergence angles exceeding 30° occurred in 1.6%, 2.3%, and 10.0% of cantilever designs respectively, compared to 25.8%, 54.6%, and 58.0% in non-cantilever designs (p < 0.001). Cantilever designs consistently produced smaller emergence angles across all edentulous space dimensions.
Conclusions: Cantilever implant restorations demonstrated smaller emergence angles than non-cantilever designs, suggesting potential advantages for peri-implant health maintenance. These findings provide geometric evidence that may support cantilever designs for first molar replacements when anatomically feasible, though long-term clinical validation remains needed.
Clinical significance: The proposed digital emergence angle analysis represents a useful diagnostic method to optimize prosthetic design on use of implant-supported crowns with cantilever extension.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Dentistry has an open access mirror journal The Journal of Dentistry: X, sharing the same aims and scope, editorial team, submission system and rigorous peer review.
The Journal of Dentistry is the leading international dental journal within the field of Restorative Dentistry. Placing an emphasis on publishing novel and high-quality research papers, the Journal aims to influence the practice of dentistry at clinician, research, industry and policy-maker level on an international basis.
Topics covered include the management of dental disease, periodontology, endodontology, operative dentistry, fixed and removable prosthodontics, dental biomaterials science, long-term clinical trials including epidemiology and oral health, technology transfer of new scientific instrumentation or procedures, as well as clinically relevant oral biology and translational research.
The Journal of Dentistry will publish original scientific research papers including short communications. It is also interested in publishing review articles and leaders in themed areas which will be linked to new scientific research. Conference proceedings are also welcome and expressions of interest should be communicated to the Editor.
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