大豆品种改善玉米-大豆带状间作冠层结构和光分配促进产量形成。

IF 6.3 1区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES
Kai Luo, Xiaoting Yuan, Kejing Zhang, Zhidan Fu, Ping Lin, Yiling Li, Yuze Li, Tian Pu, Xiaochun Wang, Wenyu Yang, Taiwen Yong
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在玉米-大豆带状间作(MSI)和玉米-大豆接力带状间作(MSR)系统中,玉米遮荫降低了大豆叶片光合能力和干物质积累,威胁大豆产量。选择适宜的大豆品种是减少遮荫造成的产量损失,实现大豆稳定生产的有效途径。通过2021-2022年大田试验,研究了单大豆、MSI和MSR种植模式对4个大豆品种(GQ8、GX7、ND25和NN996)生长和产量的影响。在光环境恢复的驱动下,MSI和MSR体系下的大豆在玉米收获后表现出代偿性生长。与SS相比,MSR维持了晚熟和高分枝品种(ND25和GQ8)的产量,而MSI系统中所有品种的产量下降了24.2%-37.1%。虽然MSR系统降低了营养期全冠层光合有效辐射(PAR)透过率和生物量积累,但玉米开花期收获显著改善了光照条件。MSR在大豆中下冠层的PAR透过率比SS分别提高5.1% ~ 19.0%和3.9% ~ 55.6%,提高光合速率。与MSI相比,MSR促进大豆分枝和分枝叶形成,叶片数增加17.4% ~ 63.1%,灌浆期叶面积指数与SS相当。MSR使中、晚熟品种生物量增加5.6% ~ 21.3%,使早熟品种生物量减少8.8% ~ 14.7%。因此,分枝能力强的中、晚熟大豆品种适合间作。其生长持续时间的延长和丰富的分枝有助于优化冠层结构,提高截光效率和截光时间,补偿早期生物量损失,有助于产量的稳定或提高。研究结果为玉米-大豆间作系统的品种选择和种植策略优化提供了有价值的指导。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Soybean Variety Improves Canopy Architecture and Light Distribution to Promote Yield Formation in Maize-Soybean Strip Intercropping.

In maize-soybean strip intercropping (MSI) and maize-soybean relay strip intercropping (MSR) systems, shading by maize reduces soybean leaf photosynthetic capacity and dry matter accumulation, threatening soybean yield. Selecting appropriate soybean varieties is effective for minimising the yield loss caused by shading and achieving stable soybean production. Field experiments were conducted during 2021-2022 to evaluate the effects of sole soybean (SS), MSI and MSR planting patterns on the growth and yield of four soybean cultivars (GQ8, GX7, ND25 and NN996). Soybeans in the MSI and MSR systems exhibited compensatory growth after maize harvest, driven by recovery of the light environment. Compared to SS, MSR sustained the yield of later-maturing and highly branching cultivars (ND25 and GQ8), whereas yields of all varieties in the MSI system decreased by 24.2%-37.1%. Although the MSR system reduced whole-canopy photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) transmittance and biomass accumulation during the vegetative stage, maize harvest at the flowering stage significantly improved light conditions. The PAR transmittance of MSR in the middle and lower soybean canopies increased to > 70%, enhancing photosynthetic rates by 5.1%-19.0% and 3.9%-55.6%, respectively, compared to SS. Compared to MSI, MSR promoted soybean branching and branch leaf formation, increasing leaf number by 17.4%-63.1%, resulting in a comparable leaf area index to SS during the grain filling stage. MSR increased biomass in medium- and late-maturing cultivars by 5.6%-21.3%, but reduced that of the early-maturing NN996 by 8.8%-14.7%. Therefore, medium- and late-maturing soybean cultivars with strong branching capacities are suitable for relay intercropping systems. Their extended growth duration and abundant branching help optimise canopy structure, enhance light interception efficiency and duration, and compensate for early biomass loss, contributing to yield stability or improvement. Our results offer valuable guidance for optimising cultivar selection and planting strategies in maize-soybean intercropping systems.

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来源期刊
Plant, Cell & Environment
Plant, Cell & Environment 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
13.30
自引率
4.10%
发文量
253
审稿时长
1.8 months
期刊介绍: Plant, Cell & Environment is a premier plant science journal, offering valuable insights into plant responses to their environment. Committed to publishing high-quality theoretical and experimental research, the journal covers a broad spectrum of factors, spanning from molecular to community levels. Researchers exploring various aspects of plant biology, physiology, and ecology contribute to the journal's comprehensive understanding of plant-environment interactions.
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