{"title":"还原光聚合添加剂制造的氧化锆整体体和陶瓷贴面衬底的光学性质：初步研究。","authors":"Yue Zhu, Chenyuan Zhu, Jian Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.09.019","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the optical properties of additively manufactured zirconia monoliths and substrates for porcelain veneering and make a comparison with computer numerical control (CNC) milled zirconia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Stereolithography (SLA), digital light processing (DLP) and CNC milling technology were used to fabricate monolithic zirconia specimens with different thickness (Φ14.0 ×0.5/1.0 mm, n = 5). A2 feldspathic veneering ceramic (1.0 mm) was sintered to zirconia substrates (Φ14.0 ×0.5 mm) to prepare bilayered specimens (Φ14.0 ×1.5 mm, n = 5). Monolithic specimens underwent thermocycling between 5 ℃ and 55 ℃ up to 50000 cycles. A spectrophotometer was used to conduct color measurements before thermocycling and at every 10000 cycles. Translucency parameter (TP) of all specimens and color difference (ΔE) between bilayered specimens and A2 veneering ceramic were calculated. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests (α=0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ANOVA revealed that material, thickness and thermocycles had significant influence on translucency(P＜0.001). Before and at each cycling interval, the TP of monolithic zirconia with different thickness ranking from highest to least were: CNC＞DLP＞SLA (P＜0.05). TP changed significantly at 30000 cycles for 0.5 mm-thickness SLA zirconia (P = 0.035), at 50000 cycles for 0.5 mm-thickness DLP zirconia (P = 0.036), 1.0mm-thickness SLA zirconia (P = 0.036) and 1.0 mm-thickness DLP zirconia (P = 0.017). ΔE between A2 veneer and SLA or DLP bilayered zirconia exceeded acceptability threshold (AT＞1.8).</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>SLA and DLP monolithic zirconia had inferior translucency and color stability compared to CNC zirconia. A2 veneered bilayered SLA and DLP zirconia had a clinically unacceptable color difference with A2 shade.</p>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Optical properties of vat photopolymerization additively manufactured zirconia monoliths and substrates for porcelain veneering: A pilot study.\",\"authors\":\"Yue Zhu, Chenyuan Zhu, Jian Sun\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.dental.2025.09.019\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the optical properties of additively manufactured zirconia monoliths and substrates for porcelain veneering and make a comparison with computer numerical control (CNC) milled zirconia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Stereolithography (SLA), digital light processing (DLP) and CNC milling technology were used to fabricate monolithic zirconia specimens with different thickness (Φ14.0 ×0.5/1.0 mm, n = 5). A2 feldspathic veneering ceramic (1.0 mm) was sintered to zirconia substrates (Φ14.0 ×0.5 mm) to prepare bilayered specimens (Φ14.0 ×1.5 mm, n = 5). Monolithic specimens underwent thermocycling between 5 ℃ and 55 ℃ up to 50000 cycles. A spectrophotometer was used to conduct color measurements before thermocycling and at every 10000 cycles. Translucency parameter (TP) of all specimens and color difference (ΔE) between bilayered specimens and A2 veneering ceramic were calculated. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests (α=0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ANOVA revealed that material, thickness and thermocycles had significant influence on translucency(P＜0.001). Before and at each cycling interval, the TP of monolithic zirconia with different thickness ranking from highest to least were: CNC＞DLP＞SLA (P＜0.05). TP changed significantly at 30000 cycles for 0.5 mm-thickness SLA zirconia (P = 0.035), at 50000 cycles for 0.5 mm-thickness DLP zirconia (P = 0.036), 1.0mm-thickness SLA zirconia (P = 0.036) and 1.0 mm-thickness DLP zirconia (P = 0.017). ΔE between A2 veneer and SLA or DLP bilayered zirconia exceeded acceptability threshold (AT＞1.8).</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>SLA and DLP monolithic zirconia had inferior translucency and color stability compared to CNC zirconia. A2 veneered bilayered SLA and DLP zirconia had a clinically unacceptable color difference with A2 shade.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":298,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Dental Materials\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":6.3000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-09-27\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Dental Materials\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"5\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2025.09.019\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Dental Materials","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2025.09.019","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
目的：评价增材制造的氧化锆整体体和陶瓷贴面衬底的光学性能，并与计算机数控（CNC）铣削氧化锆进行比较。方法：采用立体光刻（SLA）、数字光处理（DLP）和数控铣削技术制备不同厚度（Φ14.0 ×0.5/1.0 mm, n = 5）的氧化锆单片试样。将A2长石贴面陶瓷（1.0 mm）与氧化锆衬底（Φ14.0 ×0.5 mm）烧结，制备双层试样（Φ14.0 ×1.5 mm, n = 5）。整体试样在5℃至55℃之间进行热循环，循环次数达50000次。在热循环前和每10000次循环时使用分光光度计进行颜色测量。计算了所有试件的半透明参数（TP）和双层试件与A2贴面陶瓷的色差（ΔE）。数据分析采用方差分析和Tukey事后检验（α=0.05）。结果：方差分析显示，材料、厚度和热循环对半透明性有显著影响（P<0.001）。各循环间隔前和循环间隔时，不同厚度单片氧化锆的TP从高到低依次为：CNC>DLP>SLA （P<0.05）。0.5 mm-厚度的SLA氧化锆（P = 0.035）在30000次循环时，0.5 mm-厚度的DLP氧化锆（P = 0.036），1.0mm-厚度的SLA氧化锆（P = 0.036）和1.0mm-厚度的DLP氧化锆（P = 0.017）在50000次循环时，TP变化显著。A2贴面与SLA或DLP双层氧化锆之间的ΔE超过可接受阈值（AT>1.8）。意义：与CNC氧化锆相比，SLA和DLP单片氧化锆的透明度和颜色稳定性较差。A2贴面双层SLA和DLP氧化锆与A2色度存在临床不可接受的色差。
Optical properties of vat photopolymerization additively manufactured zirconia monoliths and substrates for porcelain veneering: A pilot study.
Objectives: To evaluate the optical properties of additively manufactured zirconia monoliths and substrates for porcelain veneering and make a comparison with computer numerical control (CNC) milled zirconia.
Methods: Stereolithography (SLA), digital light processing (DLP) and CNC milling technology were used to fabricate monolithic zirconia specimens with different thickness (Φ14.0 ×0.5/1.0 mm, n = 5). A2 feldspathic veneering ceramic (1.0 mm) was sintered to zirconia substrates (Φ14.0 ×0.5 mm) to prepare bilayered specimens (Φ14.0 ×1.5 mm, n = 5). Monolithic specimens underwent thermocycling between 5 ℃ and 55 ℃ up to 50000 cycles. A spectrophotometer was used to conduct color measurements before thermocycling and at every 10000 cycles. Translucency parameter (TP) of all specimens and color difference (ΔE) between bilayered specimens and A2 veneering ceramic were calculated. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests (α=0.05).
Results: The ANOVA revealed that material, thickness and thermocycles had significant influence on translucency(P＜0.001). Before and at each cycling interval, the TP of monolithic zirconia with different thickness ranking from highest to least were: CNC＞DLP＞SLA (P＜0.05). TP changed significantly at 30000 cycles for 0.5 mm-thickness SLA zirconia (P = 0.035), at 50000 cycles for 0.5 mm-thickness DLP zirconia (P = 0.036), 1.0mm-thickness SLA zirconia (P = 0.036) and 1.0 mm-thickness DLP zirconia (P = 0.017). ΔE between A2 veneer and SLA or DLP bilayered zirconia exceeded acceptability threshold (AT＞1.8).
Significance: SLA and DLP monolithic zirconia had inferior translucency and color stability compared to CNC zirconia. A2 veneered bilayered SLA and DLP zirconia had a clinically unacceptable color difference with A2 shade.
期刊介绍：
Dental Materials publishes original research, review articles, and short communications.
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The principal aim of Dental Materials is to promote rapid communication of scientific information between academia, industry, and the dental practitioner. Original Manuscripts on clinical and laboratory research of basic and applied character which focus on the properties or performance of dental materials or the reaction of host tissues to materials are given priority publication. Other acceptable topics include application technology in clinical dentistry and dental laboratory technology.
Comprehensive reviews and editorial commentaries on pertinent subjects will be considered.
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