女性的健康长寿:妇科医生能做些什么?]

E N Andreeva, E V Sheremetyeva, O R Grigoryan
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引用次数: 0

摘要

女性一生中有三分之一以上的时间处于女性性激素缺乏的状态。据卫生组织称,在世界上大多数国家,50岁以后妇女的预期寿命在27岁至32岁之间波动。每年进入更年期的妇女人数都在增加。1990年有4.67亿人处于绝经后期,到2030年这一数字将达到12亿。更年期本身并不是一种疾病,但它破坏了体内的内分泌平衡,不仅造成了生活中的“经典”问题(血管舒缩症状、心理健康障碍、泌尿生殖系统障碍、骨质疏松症、心血管疾病),而且还改变了女性的外貌——患者的皮肤病状况比同龄人更糟。本文介绍了理性MHT的现代数据。根据目前的研究结果以及国家和国际临床指南的立场,特别关注含有雌激素和孕激素的联合MHT的疗效、耐受性和安全性问题。一个临床案例是用来证明管理一个妇女在更年期的策略。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
[Healthy longevity of women: what can a gynecologist do?]

A woman spends more than a third of her life in a state of deficiency of female sex hormones. According to WHO, in most countries of the world the life expectancy of women after 50 years fluctuates between 27 and 32 years. Every year the number of women entering the menopause period increases. In 1990, 467 million were in the postmenopause period, by 2030 the number will reach 1.2 billion. Menopause, not being a disease itself, leads to a violation of the endocrine balance in the body, causing not only «classic» problems in life (vasomotor symptoms, psychological health disorders, urogenital disorders, osteoporosis, cardiovascular diseases), but also changes the appearance of women - the dermatological status of the patient is worse than the age group. The article presents modern data on rational MHT. Particular attention is paid to the issues of efficacy, tolerability and safety of combined MHT containing estrogen and gestagen, based on the results of current studies and in accordance with the position of national and international clinical guidelines. A clinical case is used to demonstrate the tactics of managing a woman in menopause.

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