Choosing not to know: The emotional and sociocultural architecture of pension willful ignorance

Willful ignorance is the motivated avoidance of information. This robust behavioral tendency is typically explained through individual psychological mechanisms like self-image protection, emotional regulation, and moral leniency. However, existing theories underemphasize the social, cultural, and institutional contexts that fundamentally shape what people choose not to know. Drawing on extant literature and cross-cultural data from pension planning in Israel's three primary sociocultural groups, we demonstrate that willful ignorance often functions as a socially embedded practice, not merely an individual bias. For marginalized communities, such avoidance may represent adaptive responses to structural barriers, distrust, and cultural misalignment. To account for these dynamics, we propose the Sociocultural Architecture Model of Willful Ignorance. This integrative framework conceptualizes the meaning and adaptive function of willful ignorance as emerging from the interplay of individual, emotional, cultural, and structural factors. Addressing these factors is crucial for designing interventions that provide genuine inclusion for all.