乙二酚在犬猫膀胱功能障碍中的合理应用。

IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES
Franco Galluzzi, Alessandro Menozzi, Roberta Saleri, Fabio De Rensis, Giliola Spattini
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引用次数: 0

摘要

氯化乙二酚是一种非选择性毒蕈碱激动剂,是狗和猫在膀胱排空不良或没有排空的情况下诱导逼尿肌平滑肌收缩最常用的药物。虽然该药物的尼古丁活性很小或没有,但在高剂量时,可能会对神经元尼古丁受体产生微弱的刺激,导致去甲肾上腺素的释放,去甲肾上腺素通过激活α-肾上腺素能受体诱导尿道平滑肌收缩。当存在全部或部分骶上病变时,由于膀胱到脑干的传入信号中断,排尿过程的细化和起始阶段缺失。在这种情况下,尿道括约肌高渗是预期的,比萘酚是禁忌的。倍萘酚也不适用于反射性协同障碍。在涉及骶节、马尾或盆腔神经的完全性损伤中,反射和自主排尿均消失,比胆酚通常无效。然而,在局部损伤的情况下,乙二酚可能是有效的,因为需要部分完整的排尿反射来产生持续的膀胱收缩。乙二酚可能对肌病性失代偿膀胱患者有益,尽管其有效性取决于逼尿肌损伤的严重程度。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Rational Use of Bethanechol in Dogs and Cats with Bladder Dysfunction.

Bethanechol chloride, a nonselective muscarinic agonist, is the most frequently employed drug in dogs and cats to induce detrusor smooth muscle contraction under conditions characterized by poor or absent bladder emptying. Although this drug has minimal or absent nicotinic activity, at higher doses, weak stimulation of neuronal nicotinic receptors may occur, causing the release of noradrenaline, which induces contraction of the urethral smooth muscle by activating α-adrenergic receptors. In the presence of total or partial suprasacral lesions, the elaboration and initiation phase of the urination process is absent due to an interruption of afferent signals from the bladder to the brainstem. In such cases, hypertonicity of the urethral sphincters is expected, and bethanechol is contraindicated. Bethanechol is also not indicated for reflex dyssynergia. In the presence of complete injuries involving the sacral segments, cauda equina, or pelvic nerve, both reflex and voluntary micturition are abolished, and bethanechol is usually ineffective. However, in cases of partial injuries, bethanechol is likely to be effective, as partial integrity of the micturition reflex is required to produce sustained bladder contraction. Bethanechol may benefit patients with myopathic decompensated bladder, although its effectiveness depends on the severity of detrusor damage.

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来源期刊
Veterinary Sciences
Veterinary Sciences VETERINARY SCIENCES-
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
8.30%
发文量
612
审稿时长
6 weeks
期刊介绍: Veterinary Sciences is an international and interdisciplinary scholarly open access journal. It publishes original that are relevant to any field of veterinary sciences, including prevention, diagnosis and treatment of disease, disorder and injury in animals. This journal covers almost all topics related to animal health and veterinary medicine. Research fields of interest include but are not limited to: anaesthesiology anatomy bacteriology biochemistry cardiology dentistry dermatology embryology endocrinology epidemiology genetics histology immunology microbiology molecular biology mycology neurobiology oncology ophthalmology parasitology pathology pharmacology physiology radiology surgery theriogenology toxicology virology.
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