{"title":"替尔米科星残留对猪粪堆肥中IntI1介导的ermA反弹的剂量依赖性影响","authors":"Pengfei Zhang, Qingnan Mo, Chang Liu, Qing Liu, Jiaojiao Xu, Yan Wang, Xin Wen, Yinbao Wu","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms13092123","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The impact of varying antibiotic residue levels on antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) removal during composting is still unclear. This study investigated the impact of different residue levels of tilmicosin (TIM), a common veterinary macrolide antibiotic, on ARG removal during pig manure composting. Three groups were used: the CK group (no TIM), the L group (246.49 ± 22.83 mg/kg TIM), and the H group (529.99 ± 16.15 mg/kg TIM). Composting removed most targeted macrolide resistance genes (MRGs) like <i>ere</i>A, <i>erm</i>C, and <i>erm</i>F (>90% removal), and reduced <i>erm</i>B, <i>erm</i>X, <i>erm</i>Q, <i>acr</i>A, <i>acr</i>B, and <i>mef</i>A (30-70% removal). However, <i>erm</i>A increased in abundance. TIM altered compost community structure, driving succession through a deterministic process. At low doses, TIM reduced MRG-bacteria co-occurrence, with horizontal gene transfer via <i>intI</i>1 being the main cause of <i>erm</i>A rebound. In conclusion, composting reduces many MRG levels in pig manure, but the persistence and rebound of genes like <i>erm</i>A reveal the complex interactions between composting conditions and microbial gene transfer.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12472723/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Dose-Dependent Effect of Tilmicosin Residues on <i>erm</i>A Rebound Mediated by <i>IntI</i>1 in Pig Manure Compost.\",\"authors\":\"Pengfei Zhang, Qingnan Mo, Chang Liu, Qing Liu, Jiaojiao Xu, Yan Wang, Xin Wen, Yinbao Wu\",\"doi\":\"10.3390/microorganisms13092123\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>The impact of varying antibiotic residue levels on antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) removal during composting is still unclear. This study investigated the impact of different residue levels of tilmicosin (TIM), a common veterinary macrolide antibiotic, on ARG removal during pig manure composting. Three groups were used: the CK group (no TIM), the L group (246.49 ± 22.83 mg/kg TIM), and the H group (529.99 ± 16.15 mg/kg TIM). Composting removed most targeted macrolide resistance genes (MRGs) like <i>ere</i>A, <i>erm</i>C, and <i>erm</i>F (>90% removal), and reduced <i>erm</i>B, <i>erm</i>X, <i>erm</i>Q, <i>acr</i>A, <i>acr</i>B, and <i>mef</i>A (30-70% removal). However, <i>erm</i>A increased in abundance. TIM altered compost community structure, driving succession through a deterministic process. At low doses, TIM reduced MRG-bacteria co-occurrence, with horizontal gene transfer via <i>intI</i>1 being the main cause of <i>erm</i>A rebound. In conclusion, composting reduces many MRG levels in pig manure, but the persistence and rebound of genes like <i>erm</i>A reveal the complex interactions between composting conditions and microbial gene transfer.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":18667,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Microorganisms\",\"volume\":\"13 9\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-09-11\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12472723/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Microorganisms\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"99\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13092123\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"生物学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"MICROBIOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Microorganisms","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13092123","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MICROBIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Dose-Dependent Effect of Tilmicosin Residues on ermA Rebound Mediated by IntI1 in Pig Manure Compost.
The impact of varying antibiotic residue levels on antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) removal during composting is still unclear. This study investigated the impact of different residue levels of tilmicosin (TIM), a common veterinary macrolide antibiotic, on ARG removal during pig manure composting. Three groups were used: the CK group (no TIM), the L group (246.49 ± 22.83 mg/kg TIM), and the H group (529.99 ± 16.15 mg/kg TIM). Composting removed most targeted macrolide resistance genes (MRGs) like ereA, ermC, and ermF (>90% removal), and reduced ermB, ermX, ermQ, acrA, acrB, and mefA (30-70% removal). However, ermA increased in abundance. TIM altered compost community structure, driving succession through a deterministic process. At low doses, TIM reduced MRG-bacteria co-occurrence, with horizontal gene transfer via intI1 being the main cause of ermA rebound. In conclusion, composting reduces many MRG levels in pig manure, but the persistence and rebound of genes like ermA reveal the complex interactions between composting conditions and microbial gene transfer.
期刊介绍：
Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607) is an international, peer-reviewed open access journal which provides an advanced forum for studies related to prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms, viruses and prions. It publishes reviews, research papers and communications. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. Electronic files and software regarding the full details of the calculation or experimental procedure, if unable to be published in a normal way, can be deposited as supplementary electronic material.
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