Tunable circular polarization in reconfigurable graphene-based antenna decorated with gold motifs using graph model

The main goal of the designed research is to find a powerful tool for adjusting and tuning polarization in microstrip patch antennas. That surely this practical platform, it is the same as graphene. In fact, the right- and left-hand circular polarization and linear polarization can be achieved by turning on and off the chemical potential in the cuts created on the diagonal edges of the antenna. In the structure of the antenna, a triangular and square scheme of gold has been worked. One of the important features of the presented structure is frequency reconfigurable. The graph model has been used in the analysis, design, and modelling of the reconfigurable graphene-based antenna. According to the requirements of the design, the central frequency of the antenna is set at 0.67 THz. Silicon dioxide is considered as the substrate of the design. In the range of 0.65 THz through 0.7 THz, the matching and polarization are suitable. S₁₁ is less than -14 dB for all types of polarization. Radiation efficiency is estimated at about 50%. Eventually, the outputs of return loss, S₁₁ sweep, axial ratio, radiation efficiency, 2D and 3D far-field radiation patterns, E-field distribution, and current density distribution have been reported.