福岛第一核电站事故低剂量辐射对樱花花粉形成的影响

IF 1.8 Q4 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment Pub Date : 2025-06-23 DOI:10.1007/s44273-025-00059-y

Nobuyoshi Nakajima, Kazuhiko Kobayashi, Masanori Tamaoki, Mitsuko Aono

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引用次数: 0

摘要

为了研究福岛第一核电站（FDNPP）事故放射性沉降物的低剂量辐射对植物的影响，于2014年至2021年在福岛县浪江镇对马地区的对马小学（TE）、对马初中（TJ）和浪江高中（NH）三个地点采集了一些吉野樱桃树（Cerasus x yedoensis）开花前的花序。测定了未成熟花粉比（IPR）。我们模拟了空间剂量率（SDR）和知识产权的年变化，以验证SDR是否影响知识产权。结果表明，福岛核电站事故低剂量辐射增加了福岛县某些吉野樱桃树的IPR。2014年SDR最高时，知识产权相对增幅最高，为30% - 60%，2016年随着SDR贬值，知识产权相对增幅降至20% - 40%，此后一直保持在15% - 35%的水平。在较长一段时间内，福岛站点的知识产权增加表明对其他多年生物种花粉形成的负面影响，从而对整个受影响地区的生物多样性产生长期累积影响。图形抽象

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Effect of low-dose radiation from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident on cherry blossom pollen formation

To investigate the impact of low-dose radiation from fallout from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident on plants, inflorescences of Somei-yoshino cherry trees (Cerasus × yedoensis) were collected just before blooming from 2014 to 2021 at three locations: Tsushima Elementary School (TE), Tsushima Junior High School (TJ), and Namie High School (NH) in the Tsushima area of Namie town, Fukushima Prefecture. The immature pollen ratio (IPR) was examined. We modeled the annual changes in spatial dose rates (SDR) and the IPR to verify whether SDR affected the IPR. Our results showed that the low-dose radiation from FDNPP accident increased IPR in Somei-yoshino cherry trees at the study sites in Fukushima Prefecture. The relative increase of IPR was highest in the range from 30 to 60% in 2014, when the SDR was at its highest, and then decreased to 20–40% with the decline in the SDR in 2016, and remained in 15 to 35% range thereafter. The increase of IPR at the Fukushima sites over the extended period of time suggests negative impacts on pollen formation in other perennial species and accordingly long-term cumulative effects on biodiversity across the affected region.