Reduced graphene oxide/NiO nanocomposites as a highly effective, efficient, and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst towards one pot of synthesis of 2-arylbenzoxazoles/thiazoles

A highly effective catalytic system utilizing a reduced graphene oxide-nickel oxide nanocomposite (rGO-NiO) is reported for the one-pot synthesis of 2-arylbenzothiazole/oxazoles from 2-aminothiophenol/2-aminophenol and various substituted aldehydes. The rGO-NiO nanocomposite catalyst demonstrates remarkable efficiency, reusability upto 5 cycle, and effectiveness under reflux conditions to provide 91% yield of relation product with 20 mol% catalyst after 3.0 h. This synthetic process offers multiple advantages, including yielding products in the good-to-excellent range, a simple work-up procedure, ease of operation, environmentally friendly reaction conditions, and sustainability by obviating the need for harmful reagents and solvents.