Talha Mehmood, Zia-Ul-Haq, Tahir Iqbal, Muhammad Ansar
{"title":"通过小麦脱粒机粉尘控制系统减少空气传播病原体侵害的新方法","authors":"Talha Mehmood, Zia-Ul-Haq, Tahir Iqbal, Muhammad Ansar","doi":"10.1007/s10453-025-09848-y","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wheat threshing leads to increased frequency of airborne pathogens, a potential health hazard to farm workers and neighboring community. The present study gave insights about prevalence of allergens (bacterial and fungal) in straw dust. The study, conducted during 2023 at PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan, aimed to evaluate reduction of pathogens frequency through three newly developed dust control systems, viz. system-I (dust control chamber), system-II (cyclone separator), and system-III (misting) attached to wheat thresher and control (conventional wheat threshing). Airborne pathogens (fungal and bacterial) were sampled using Petri plates placed at different distances from wheat thresher’s outlet using each dust control system as well as conventional wheat threshing. Bacterial and fungal colonies were cultured, isolated and noted their frequency. Four fungal genera (<i>Aspergillus sp., Cladosporium sp., Alternaria sp.</i> and <i>Penicillium sp.</i>) were identified from straw dust based on morphological characteristics. The prevalence of <i>Cladosporium sp.</i> was generally higher compared to other genera. Frequency of bacterial and fungal colonies decreased as the distance from the wheat thresher increased. Mean pathogen frequencies of bacteria (15, 17, 18 and 18) and fungi (32, 40, 48 and 184) were recorded for system-I, system-II, system-III and control, respectively. Results revealed that frequency of fungal pathogens was higher than bacterial in straw dust in all treatments. Percent decrease in bacteria (16.7, 5.6 and 0) and fungi (82.6, 78.3 and 73.9) was found for system-I, system-II and system-III, respectively. Hence, it can be inferred from results that system-I (dust control chamber) can reduce pathogens frequency effectively. Besides, these findings suggest solution to minimize straw dust thereby protecting the health of farm workers and nearby communities against intensity of allergens causing respiratory issues and related infections.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\n<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7718,"journal":{"name":"Aerobiologia","volume":"41 2","pages":"229 - 244"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Novel approaches to reduce airborne pathogen infestation through dust control systems of wheat thresher\",\"authors\":\"Talha Mehmood, Zia-Ul-Haq, Tahir Iqbal, Muhammad Ansar\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10453-025-09848-y\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Wheat threshing leads to increased frequency of airborne pathogens, a potential health hazard to farm workers and neighboring community. The present study gave insights about prevalence of allergens (bacterial and fungal) in straw dust. The study, conducted during 2023 at PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan, aimed to evaluate reduction of pathogens frequency through three newly developed dust control systems, viz. system-I (dust control chamber), system-II (cyclone separator), and system-III (misting) attached to wheat thresher and control (conventional wheat threshing). Airborne pathogens (fungal and bacterial) were sampled using Petri plates placed at different distances from wheat thresher’s outlet using each dust control system as well as conventional wheat threshing. Bacterial and fungal colonies were cultured, isolated and noted their frequency. Four fungal genera (<i>Aspergillus sp., Cladosporium sp., Alternaria sp.</i> and <i>Penicillium sp.</i>) were identified from straw dust based on morphological characteristics. The prevalence of <i>Cladosporium sp.</i> was generally higher compared to other genera. Frequency of bacterial and fungal colonies decreased as the distance from the wheat thresher increased. Mean pathogen frequencies of bacteria (15, 17, 18 and 18) and fungi (32, 40, 48 and 184) were recorded for system-I, system-II, system-III and control, respectively. Results revealed that frequency of fungal pathogens was higher than bacterial in straw dust in all treatments. Percent decrease in bacteria (16.7, 5.6 and 0) and fungi (82.6, 78.3 and 73.9) was found for system-I, system-II and system-III, respectively. Hence, it can be inferred from results that system-I (dust control chamber) can reduce pathogens frequency effectively. 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Novel approaches to reduce airborne pathogen infestation through dust control systems of wheat thresher
Wheat threshing leads to increased frequency of airborne pathogens, a potential health hazard to farm workers and neighboring community. The present study gave insights about prevalence of allergens (bacterial and fungal) in straw dust. The study, conducted during 2023 at PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan, aimed to evaluate reduction of pathogens frequency through three newly developed dust control systems, viz. system-I (dust control chamber), system-II (cyclone separator), and system-III (misting) attached to wheat thresher and control (conventional wheat threshing). Airborne pathogens (fungal and bacterial) were sampled using Petri plates placed at different distances from wheat thresher’s outlet using each dust control system as well as conventional wheat threshing. Bacterial and fungal colonies were cultured, isolated and noted their frequency. Four fungal genera (Aspergillus sp., Cladosporium sp., Alternaria sp. and Penicillium sp.) were identified from straw dust based on morphological characteristics. The prevalence of Cladosporium sp. was generally higher compared to other genera. Frequency of bacterial and fungal colonies decreased as the distance from the wheat thresher increased. Mean pathogen frequencies of bacteria (15, 17, 18 and 18) and fungi (32, 40, 48 and 184) were recorded for system-I, system-II, system-III and control, respectively. Results revealed that frequency of fungal pathogens was higher than bacterial in straw dust in all treatments. Percent decrease in bacteria (16.7, 5.6 and 0) and fungi (82.6, 78.3 and 73.9) was found for system-I, system-II and system-III, respectively. Hence, it can be inferred from results that system-I (dust control chamber) can reduce pathogens frequency effectively. Besides, these findings suggest solution to minimize straw dust thereby protecting the health of farm workers and nearby communities against intensity of allergens causing respiratory issues and related infections.
期刊介绍：
Associated with the International Association for Aerobiology, Aerobiologia is an international medium for original research and review articles in the interdisciplinary fields of aerobiology and interaction of human, plant and animal systems on the biosphere. Coverage includes bioaerosols, transport mechanisms, biometeorology, climatology, air-sea interaction, land-surface/atmosphere interaction, biological pollution, biological input to global change, microbiology, aeromycology, aeropalynology, arthropod dispersal and environmental policy. Emphasis is placed on respiratory allergology, plant pathology, pest management, biological weathering and biodeterioration, indoor air quality, air-conditioning technology, industrial aerobiology and more.
Aerobiologia serves aerobiologists, and other professionals in medicine, public health, industrial and environmental hygiene, biological sciences, agriculture, atmospheric physics, botany, environmental science and cultural heritage.
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